Characterization of the unsteady aerodynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine to surge motion

Mancini, Simone; Boorsma, K.; Caboni, Marco; Cormier, Marion; Lutz, Thorsten; Schito, Paolo; Zasso, Alberto

doi:10.5194/wes-5-1713-2020

Cited by 48 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The relation of ∆C T to C T0 shows that only in three cases the thrust reaches negative values. The almost linear relation of ∆C T to v max confirms the earlier observations byMancini et al (2020). An hypothesis is that the linear relation is explainable by the linear effect between the surge velocity and the circulation on the blades, due to the change of the non-entry boundary condition on the blade surface.In this work we will evaluate the proposed Actuator Disc Momentum theory with dynamic inflow correction in a motion and load space wider than (and encompassing) the one in Figure1.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) are placed on floating foundations, which leads to larger motions than wind turbines on bottom mounted foundations (de Vaal et al, 2014). This increased freedom of motion can result in several phenomena of unsteady aerodynamics at airfoil, blade, rotor and wake scale, studied by Sebastian and Lackner (2012), Sebastian and Lackner (2013), Sivalingam et al (2018), Kyle et al (2020), Wen et al (2017), Lee (2019), de Vaal et al (2014), Mancini et al (2020), Micallef and Sant (2015), Tran and Kim (2016), Chen et al (2021), Shen et al (2018), Lee (2019), Farrugia et al (2016), Cormier et al (2018), Dong et al (2019), Dong and Viré (2021) and others.…”

Section: Motivation For the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1b is inspired by the work ofMancini et al (2020). The survey shows that amplitudes of the motion are below 0.13D and reduced frequency k < 15.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure1presents a survey of the experimental and numerical study cases in the work ofde Vaal et al (2014),Kyle et al (2020),Mancini et al (2020),Micallef and Sant (2015),Tran and Kim (2016), Chen et al (2021), Sivalingam et al (2018), Shen et al (2018), Lee and Lee (2019), Farrugia et al (2016), Wen et al (2017), Cormier et al (2018) and Dong et al (2019). The results are organised in Ax act D vs. k with isocurves of v max in Figure 1a, ∆C T vs v max = ΩAx act U∞ in Figure 1b and ∆C T vs. C T0 in Figure 1c .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic inflow model for a Floating Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in surge motion

Ferreira

Sala

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Floating Offshore Wind Turbines may experience large surge motions which, when faster than the local wind speed, cause rotor-wake interaction. Previous research hypothesised that this phenomena can result in a turbulent wake state or even a vortex ring state, invalidating the Actuator Disc Momentum Theory and the use of the Blade Element Momentum Theory. We challenge this hypothesis and demonstrate that the Actuator Disc Momentum Theory is valid and accurate in predicting the induction at the actuator in surge, even for large and fast motions. To achieve this, we derive a dynamic inflow model which mimics the vorticity-velocity system and the effect of the motion. The predictions of the model are compared against results from other authors and from a semi-free wake vortex-ring model. The results show that the surge motion and rotor-wake interaction do not cause a turbulent wake state or vortex ring state, and that the application of Actuator Disc Momentum Theory and Blade Element Momentum Theory is valid and accurate, when correctly applied in an inertial reference frame. The results show excellent agreement in all cases. The proposed dynamic inflow model includes an adaptation for highly loaded flow and it is accurate and simple enough to be easily implemented in most Blade Element Momentum models.

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Motivation For the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1b is inspired by the work ofMancini et al (2020). The survey shows that amplitudes of the motion are below 0.13D and reduced frequency k < 15.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic inflow model for a Floating Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in surge motion

Ferreira

Sala

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…An example of this technology is the wave monitoring system WaMoS II introduced by Ziemer and Dittmer (1994) and at the base of the real-time wave prediction system developed by Reichert et al (2010) within the On board Wave and Motion Estimator (OWME). A methodology based on 2D FFT is proposed by Naaijen and Wijaya (2014) to obtain a directional phase-resolved prediction of the wave elevation from radar data (additional information about the directional energy spectrum is required, e.g., from a wave buoy). A similar measurement could be used in wave-FF control.…”

Section: Wave Measurement and Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-based design of a wave-feedforward control strategy in floating wind turbines

Fontanella

Al²,

Wingerden

et al. 2021

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. Floating wind turbines rely on feedback-only control strategies to mitigate the negative effects of wave excitation. Improved power generation and lower fatigue loads can be achieved by including information about incoming waves in the turbine controller. In this paper, a wave-feedforward control strategy is developed and implemented in a 10 MW floating wind turbine. A linear model of the floating wind turbine is established and utilized to understand how wave excitation affects rotor speed and so power, as well as to show that collective pitch is suitable for reducing the effects of wave excitation. A feedforward controller is designed based on the inversion of the linear model, and a gain-scheduling algorithm is proposed to adapt the feedforward action as wind speed changes. The performance of the novel wave-feedforward controller is examined first by means of linear analysis and then with non-linear time-domain simulations in FAST. This paper proves that including some information about incoming waves in the turbine controller can play a crucial role in improving power quality and the turbine fatigue life. In particular, the proposed wave-feedforward control strategy achieves this goal complementing the industry-standard feedback pitch controller. Together with the wave-feedforward control strategy, this paper provides some insights about the response of floating wind turbines to collective-pitch control and waves, which could be useful in future control-design studies.

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The aerodynamics of a blade pitch, rotor speed, and surge step for a wind turbine regarding dynamic inflow

2022

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Floater motions introduce unsteadiness in the aerodynamics of floating offshore wind turbines. The aerodynamics of a wind turbine after three perturbations are studied: a blade pitch step, a rotor speed step for which dynamic inflow is expected, and a surge velocity step. The free vortex wake method and an analytical helical vortex model based on the Joukowsky rotor model are used to study the dynamic behavior of the induced velocity at the blades. As expected, the dynamic inflow effect is clear for the blade pitch and rotor speed changes, but for a surge velocity step, the models show that very little dynamic inflow effect takes place because the velocity induced by the vortex helix is not significantly modified: the tip vortex helix circulation change is partially compensated by the geometry change of the helix. For the rate of change, the velocities induced on the rotor by the vortex helix for the pitch and rotor speed changes show a rapid adjustment at the blade tip, with a slower change throughout the rest of the blade and at the center of the rotor.The convection velocity of the tip vortices is shown to be the main variable of the temporal evolution of the dynamic inflow effect.

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Characterization of the unsteady aerodynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine to surge motion

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Dynamic inflow model for a Floating Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in surge motion

Dynamic inflow model for a Floating Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in surge motion

Model-based design of a wave-feedforward control strategy in floating wind turbines

The aerodynamics of a blade pitch, rotor speed, and surge step for a wind turbine regarding dynamic inflow

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