Characterization of TiO2 coatings prepared by a modified electric arc-physical vapour deposition system

Characterisation Studies of the Structure and Properties of As-Deposited and Annealed Pulsed Magnetron Sputtered Titania Coatings

“…Titanium dioxide can form three main crystalline structures: tetragonal anatase and rutile, which belong to the space group and , respectively, and lower symmetry orthorhombic brookite (D 2h space group representation) [22,23]. Factor group analysis of anatase indicates the existence of 15 optical modes with the following representation of normal vibrations: 1A 1g + 1A 2u + 2B 1g + 1B 2u + 3E g + 2E u [24].…”

“…Within this representation 1A 1g , 2B 1g , 3E g are Raman active, whereas the remaining modes are active in Infrared [24]. Raman analysis gives information about the nature of the bonds in a structure and there is substantial evidence indicating that the peak position, shape and intensity of Raman peaks are related to sub-stoichiometric defects, quantum confinement effects, crystal sizes, nanocrystallinity and large interfacial areas [22,23,25,26]. Spectra obtained from the titania films produced in this work were compared against those obtained for pure titania nano-crystals to allow any variations in phase, stoichiometry or degree of crystallisation in the analysed films to be identified.…”

Investigation of DC magnetron-sputtered TiO2 coatings: Effect of coating thickness, structure, and morphology on photocatalytic activity

“…There are various techniques for synthesizing TiO 2 coatings [3]. Among, and the most common methods are chemical solution deposition (CSD, Sol gel) [18] , [19] and physical vapour deposition (PVD) [20] , [21]. PVD is known to produce compact coatings with good adhesion to the substrate and the processing parameters, such as temperature and pressure, are controlled precisely and hence provide good reproducibility.…”

Crystallite phase-controlled preparation, characterisation and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

“…There are many methods of producing nanostructured TiO 2 , such as the hydrothermal method [9,10], sol-gel technique [11,12], chemical vapour deposition (CVD) [13][14][15], physical vapour deposition [16,17], solvothermal method [18,19], electrochemical approaches (e.g. anodising of Ti) [20][21][22], solution combustion method [23][24][25], microemulsion [26,27], micelle and inverse micelle methods [28,29], ball milling [30], a flame by vapour phase [31], sonochemical reactions [32] and plasma evaporation [33,34].…”