Characterization of turtle demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and turtle bone in rat radial bone defects; radiological, histopathological, biomechanical and scanning electron microscopic evaluation

Abstract

Bone grafts are used to treat various disorders, including delayed union and nonunion of fractures, congenital pseudoarthrosis, and osseous defects from trauma, infection, and tumors. The disadvantages of allografts, such as disease transmission, have led to the exploration of xenografts as an alternative grafting material. We used turtle DBM and turtle bone grafts in this study. A critical size defect of 2.5 times diameter elongation was created in the radial diaphysis of 16 rats in this study. The rats were divided into 4 groups: defect as control˗, autograft as control+, turtle bone and turtle DBM. The results of radiological, histopathological, biomechanical and scanning electron microscopic evaluation of groups were compared. The biomechanical and radiological evaluation shows that there was no significant difference between groups; but histopathological evaluation shows significant differences between groups in union and cancellous bone. The turtle DBM group had the same result as control+ and was superior to the other groups.

Past, Present, and Future of Regeneration Therapy in Oral and Periodontal Tissue: A Review

“…Due to several limitations of autografts, allografts are used clinically as a common alternative to autografts. They can be achieved from cadavers or living persons [54]. Cancellous allografts provide minimal to no structural strength, mild-to-moderate osteoconductivity, and mild osteoinductive properties.…”