Characterization of urban aerosol: Seasonal variation of genotoxicity of the water-soluble portion of PM2.5 and PM1

Bocchi, Clara; Bazzini, Cristina; Fontana, Federica; Pinto, Giancarlo; Martino, Anna; Cassoni, Francesca

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.04.005

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We did not find associations with lung cancer incidence. While toxicological studies suggest that metals in airborne particulates are genotoxic,22 the reason we did not find an association even in our large sample size may be because our exposure measures relate to a similar time frame as the health outcome. Studies finding associations of particulates with lung cancer have typically considered 10 or more years follow-up 23…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo investigate long-term associations between metal components of particulate matter (PM) and mortality and lung cancer incidence.DesignSmall area (ecological) study.SettingPopulation living in all wards (~9000 individuals per ward) in the London and Oxford area of England, comprising 13.6 million individuals.Exposure and outcome measuresWe used land use regression models originally used in the Transport related Air Pollution and Health Impacts—Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter study to estimate exposure to copper, iron and zinc in ambient air PM. We examined associations of metal exposure with Office for National Statistics mortality data from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory causes and with lung cancer incidence during 2008–2011.ResultsThere were 108 478 CVD deaths, 48 483 respiratory deaths and 24 849 incident cases of lung cancer in the study period and area. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for area-level deprivation, tobacco sales and ethnicity, we found associations between cardiovascular mortality and PM2.5 copper with interdecile range (IDR 2.6–5.7 ng/m3) and IDR relative risk (RR) 1.005 (95%CI 1.001 to 1.009) and between respiratory mortality and PM10 zinc (IDR 1135–153 ng/m3) and IDR RR 1.136 (95%CI 1.010 to 1.277). We did not find relevant associations for lung cancer incidence. Metal elements were highly correlated.ConclusionOur analysis showed small but not fully consistent adverse associations between mortality and particulate metal exposures likely derived from non-tailpipe road traffic emissions (brake and tyre wear), which have previously been associated with increases in inflammatory markers in the blood.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The more severe the chromosomal damage, the worse the DNA repair ability. Bocchi et al reported that PM 2.5 from Bologna, a county town of Emilia-Romagna in the north of Italy, induced chromosome breakage in A549 cells [ 47 ], which is consistent with the results we observed in 16HBE. Our available data suggest that PM 2.5 induced DNA damage in 16HBE cells in a dose-dependent manner and that even exposure to low concentrations of PM 2.5 may result in significant cellular DNA damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Exposed to PM2.5 from Beijing, China, in Winter

Niu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidemiological studies have corroborated that respiratory diseases, including lung cancer, are related to fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm) (PM2.5) exposure. The toxic responses of PM2.5 are greatly influenced by the source of PM2.5. However, the effects of PM2.5 from Beijing on bronchial genotoxicity are scarce. In the present study, PM2.5 from Beijing was sampled and applied in vitro to investigate its genotoxicity and the mechanisms behind it. Human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE were used as a model for exposure. Low (67.5 μg/mL), medium (116.9 μg/mL), and high (202.5 μg/mL) doses of PM2.5 were used for cell exposure. After PM2.5 exposure, cell viability, oxidative stress markers, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) strand breaks, 8-OH-dG levels, micronuclei formation, and DNA repair gene expression were measured. The results showed that PM2.5 significantly induced cytotoxicity in 16HBE. Moreover, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cellular heme oxygenase (HO-1) were increased, and the level of glutathione (GSH) was decreased, which represented the occurrence of severe oxidative stress in 16HBE. The micronucleus rate was elevated, and DNA damage occurred as indicators of the comet assay, γ-H2AX and 8-OH-dG, were markedly enhanced by PM2.5, accompanied by the influence of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), X-ray repair cross-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) expression. These results support the significant role of PM2.5 genotoxicity in 16HBE cells, which may occur through the combined effect on oxidative stress and the influence of DNA repair genes.

show abstract

“…The concentrations of metal elements in the PM 2.5 water extract, and the concentrations of PAHs in the PM 2.5 organic extract were measured, and results are shown in Table 2. The composition of PM 2.5 in the atmosphere is very complex due to many factors, such as the combustion source, industry pollution, climate, and season [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective fraction of Bletilla striata reduces the inflammatory cytokine production induced by water and organic extracts of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in vitro

Liu

Tian

et al. 2019

BMC Complement Altern Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Bletilla striata is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat hemorrhage, scald, gastric ulcer, pulmonary diseases and inflammations. In this study, we investigated bioactivity of the effective fraction of B. striata (EFB) in reducing the inflammatory cytokine production induced by water or organic extracts of PM 2.5. Methods: PM 2.5 extracts were collected and analyzed by chromatographic system and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Cell viability was measured using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay, and cell supernatant was analyzed by flow cytometry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR in cultured mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 treated with EFB and PM 2.5 extracts. Expressions of nuclear factorkappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were measured by Western blot. Results: PM 2.5 composition is complex and the toxicity of PM 2.5 extracts were not noticeable. The treatment of EFB at a wide dose-range of 0-40 μg/mL did not cause significant change of RAW264.7 cell proliferation. EFB pretreatment decreased the inflammatory cytokines in the macrophage. Further analysis showed that EFB significantly attenuated PM 2.5-induced proinflammatory protein expression and downregulated the levels of phosphorylated NF-κBp65, inhibitor of kappa B (IκB)-α, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the potential effectiveness of B. striata extracts for treating PM 2.5-triggered pulmonary inflammation.

show abstract

Characterization of urban aerosol: Seasonal variation of genotoxicity of the water-soluble portion of PM2.5 and PM1

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study

Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study

Effects of DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Exposed to PM2.5 from Beijing, China, in Winter

Effective fraction of Bletilla striata reduces the inflammatory cytokine production induced by water and organic extracts of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in vitro

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About