Characterization of water soluble inorganic ions and their evolution processes during PM2.5 pollution episodes in a small city in southwest China

Qiao, Baoqing; Chen, Yang; Tian, Mi; Wang, Huanbo; Yang, Fumo; Shi, Guangming; Zhang, Leiming; Peng, Chao; Luo, Qijun; Ding, Shimin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.376

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…From Table 2 and Figure 3, the mean concentrations of the total WSIIs exhibited distinctly seasonal variations and were highest in spring and lowest in winter. The concentrations of WSIIs were comparable with those from Chengdu and Chongqing [1,4], but higher than those in Lanzhou [25]. The concentrations of WSIIs and SIAs were lower than those in North China (e.g., Beijing—Tianjin—Hebei) and some cities (e.g., Nanjing and Heze) of East China, whereas the opposite was true for the corresponding percentage contribution to PM 2.5 [10,19,20,26,28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…This suggests that a significant fraction of PM 2.5 may consist of secondary particles [22,23]. In general, the concentrations of PM 2.5 were lower than those of the Beijing—Tianjin—Hebei area (BTH) [6,10,24,25,26], Sichuan Basin [1,4], and Lanzhou [15], but were higher than Fuzhou [15] and Shenzhen [27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With rapid urbanization and industrialization in China, PM 2.5 pollution has become one of the most important atmospheric related environmental issues. Extensive studies have shown that PM 2.5 not only adversely affects air quality, visibility, and human health, but it also causes regional and global changes in climate [1,2,3]. Although the Chinese government issued the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of China (NAAQS—China) in 2012, more than 60% of megacities in the country do not yet meet the standard [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive studies have shown that PM 2.5 not only adversely affects air quality, visibility, and human health, but it also causes regional and global changes in climate [1,2,3]. Although the Chinese government issued the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of China (NAAQS—China) in 2012, more than 60% of megacities in the country do not yet meet the standard [1]. Water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), especially secondary inorganic ions (SIAs: SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + ), were major chemical components of PM 2.5 across China [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the Chinese government issued the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of China (NAAQS—China) in 2012, more than 60% of megacities in the country do not yet meet the standard [1]. Water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), especially secondary inorganic ions (SIAs: SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + ), were major chemical components of PM 2.5 across China [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Urban Areas of Xiangtan, Central South China

Xiao

He³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Xiangtan, South China, is characterized by year-round high relative humidity and very low wind speeds. To assess levels of PM2.5, daily samples were collected from 2016 to 2017 at two urban sites. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 were in the range of 30–217 µg/m3, with the highest concentrations in winter and the lowest in spring. Major water-soluble ions (WSIIs) and total carbon (TC) accounted for 58–59% and 21–24% of the PM2.5 mass, respectively. Secondary inorganic ions (SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+) dominated the WSIIs and accounted for 73% and 74% at the two sites. The concentrations of K, Fe, Al, Sb, Ca, Zn, Mg, Pb, Ba, As, and Mn in the PM2.5 at the two sites were higher than 40 ng/m3, and decreased in the order of winter > autumn > spring. Enrichment factor analysis indicates that Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Tl, and Pb mainly originates from anthropogenic sources. Source apportionment analysis showed that secondary inorganic aerosols, vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and secondary aerosols, fugitive dust, industrial emissions, steel industry are the major sources of PM2.5, contributing 25–27%, 21–22%, 19–21%, 16–18%, 6–9%, and 8–9% to PM2.5 mass.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Urban Areas of Xiangtan, Central South China

Xiao

He³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Recent Developments in the Determination of PM2.5 Chemical Composition

Pan¹,

Qiu

et al. 2022

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Fine particulate matter (named PM 2.5 ) has become a prominent and dangerous form of air pollution. The chemical composition of PM 2.5 mainly includes inorganic elements, water soluble ions, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and organic compounds. The detection method for inorganic elements mainly includes X ray fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. As for water soluble ions, ion chromatography is the most common detection method. EC and OC are usually detected by carbon analyzer. The organic compounds are determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. In this paper, the merits and drawbacks of each analytical methods for the determination of PM 2.5 chemical composition are summarized. This review also includes our discussion on the improvement of the analytical accuracy for the determination of PM 2.5 chemical composition owing to the development of reference materials.

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Spatial Distribution and Formation Mechanism of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 During a Typical Winter Haze Episode in Guilin, China

Long

Peng

Yang

et al. 2020

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Characterization of water soluble inorganic ions and their evolution processes during PM2.5 pollution episodes in a small city in southwest China

Cited by 53 publications

References 47 publications

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Urban Areas of Xiangtan, Central South China

Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Urban Areas of Xiangtan, Central South China

Recent Developments in the Determination of PM2.5 Chemical Composition

Spatial Distribution and Formation Mechanism of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 During a Typical Winter Haze Episode in Guilin, China

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