Characterization of α-Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of m-Cresol

Liu, Peijuan; He, Shan; Wei, Huangzhao; Wang, Junhu; Sun, Cheng

doi:10.1021/ie5037897

Cited by 45 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…14–15 Previous reports about the reduction mechanism have primarily relied on observations of bulk materials. At the nanoscale, due to the size effect, different reduction behavior compared with the bulk might be anticipated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

et al. 2016

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The atomic-scale reduction mechanism of α-Fe2O3 nanowires by H2 was followed using transmission electron microscopy to reveal the evolution of atomic structures and the associated transformation pathways for different iron oxides. The reduction commences with the generation of oxygen vacancies that order onto every 10th (303false¯0) plane. This vacancy ordering is followed by an allotropic transformation of α-Fe2O3 → γ-Fe2O3 along with the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of the γ-Fe2O3 nanowire by a topotactic transformation process, which shows 3D correspondence between the structures of the product and its host. These observations demonstrate that the partial reduction of α-Fe2O3 nanowires results in the formation of a unique hierarchical structure of hybrid oxides consisting of the parent oxide phase, γ-Fe2O3, as the one-dimensional wire and the Fe3O4 in the form of nanoparticles decorated on the parent oxide skeleton. We show that the proposed mechanism is consistent with previously published and our density functional theory results on the thermodynamics of surface termination and oxygen vacancy formation in α-Fe2O3. Compared to previous reports of α-Fe2O3 directly transformed to Fe3O4, our work provides a more in-depth understanding with substeps of reduction, i.e., the whole reduction process follows: α-Fe2O3 → α-Fe2O3 superlattice → γ-Fe2O3 + Fe3O4→ Fe3O4.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

et al. 2016

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“…However, the byproducts deduced from the degradation pathway of m-cresol should have shown 2-methylhydroquinone in the first step as shown in Fig. 9c [18,60,61].…”

Section: Intermediate Products Analysis and Quantum Chemical Calculatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural defects on activated carbon catalysts in catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m-cresol

et al. 2015

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“…Then the catalysts will be tested for CWPO of m‐cresol in a fixed‐bed reactor. In previous work, Liu et al . and Wang et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m‐cresol over novel Fe₂O₃ loaded microfibrous entrapped CNT composite catalyst in a fixed‐bed reactor

Yang

Zhang

Yan

2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND A novel iron‐loaded microfibrous entrapped carbon‐nanotube catalyst (Fe2O3‐MF‐CNT) was synthesized by wet lay‐up papermaking, sintering and metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) processes. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, mercury porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and NH3 temperature program desorption (NH3‐TPD), and the catalytic performance was tested by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of m‐cresol in a fixed‐bed reactor. Finally, the probable multistep reaction pathway for CWPO degradation of m‐cresol over Fe2O3‐MF‐CNT catalyst in a fixed‐bed reactor is presented. RESULTS Characterization results conclude that the prepared catalysts are acid catalysts containing macropores and mesopores. Active components Fe2O3 are evenly loaded on the support by the MOCVD method. CWPO results show that higher temperature and higher space time promote the catalyst performance. Meanwhile, the Fe2O3‐MF‐CNT catalyst shows perfect reusability with nearly no iron leaching concentration and high m‐cresol conversion (above 95.0%) after four successive runs (24 h). Two possible pathways during degradation of m‐cresol are presented. The hydroxyl radicals turn m‐cresols into aromatic by‐products such as p‐toluquinone, 4‐methylpyrocatechol and methylhydroquinone, followed by evolution to organic acids, and finally to carbon dioxide and water. During the reaction, more m‐cresols are degraded through the pathway in which m‐cresols are first converted into 4‐methylpyrocatechol. CONCLUSION The novel Fe2O3‐MF‐CNT catalyst presented herein owns the advantages of both CNTs and stainless steel fibers, and it shows promising performance in CWPO of m‐cresol. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Characterization of α-Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of m-Cresol

Cited by 45 publications

References 38 publications

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

Effect of structural defects on activated carbon catalysts in catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m-cresol

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m‐cresol over novel Fe₂O₃ loaded microfibrous entrapped CNT composite catalyst in a fixed‐bed reactor

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Characterization of α-Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of m-Cresol

Cited by 45 publications

References 38 publications

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe2O3 Nanowires

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe2O3 Nanowires

Effect of structural defects on activated carbon catalysts in catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m-cresol

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m‐cresol over novel Fe2O3 loaded microfibrous entrapped CNT composite catalyst in a fixed‐bed reactor

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Characterization of α-Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of m-Cresol

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of α-Fe₂O₃ Nanowires

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of m‐cresol over novel Fe₂O₃ loaded microfibrous entrapped CNT composite catalyst in a fixed‐bed reactor