Characterizing a Wake-Free Safe Zone for the Simplified Aircraft-Based Paired Approach Concept

Guerreiro, Nelson; Neitzke, Kurt W.; Johnson, Sally C.; Stough, H. Paul; Mckissick, B. T.; Syed, Hazari I.

doi:10.2514/6.2010-7681

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Madden MM [4] analyzed the effect of two aircraft' speed on safety from the point of view of kinematics and obtained the longitudinal safety interval between the paired aircraft. Guerreiro N et al [5][6] used the Monte-Carlo method to perform preliminary characterization of the wake safety zone. In a follow-up study, a simulation experiment of wake movement in the horizontal plane was carried out to evaluate the safety interval.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Sun

Chen

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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The paired approach can effectively improve the efficiency of closely spaced parallel runways. The calculation of vertical overlap probability and frequency is an indispensable step in evaluating the vertical collision risk of the paired approach. As the existence of vertical overlap is closely related to the vertical position error, this paper presents a method to calculate vertical overlap probability based on the position error caused by pilot control. Firstly, a fuzzy correlation model is established and combined with Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data. The correlation rules between QAR parameters and vertical position error are mined, and the relevance is calculated according to the rules. The results show that the correlation between the control column position and the vertical position error is the strongest. According to the flight dynamics principle, the Vertical Attitude Adjustment Model (VAAM) of an aircraft during the approach process is then established. The Pilot Operating Model (POM), which describes different actions taken by pilots when they encounter different position errors, is also created by employing the concepts of the Markov decision process. The VAAM can restore the process of changing the attitude of the aircraft by the pilot operating column and can simulate the position error of the aircraft in the approach process when combined with the POM. Based on the previous simulated result and considering the overlap condition of the Interval Management (IM) aircraft overlap, the vertical overlap process in the paired approach can then be simulated. We employ MATLAB to carry out numerous simulations. Changing the accuracy of pilot operation in the simulations show that the lower the accuracy, the greater the overlap probability and frequency. However, when the accuracy is between 61% and 73% (61%-73% is the range of operational accuracy based on QAR data analysis), the vertical overlap probability and frequency are maintained at about 5% and 20 flights per hour, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Sun

Chen

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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“…NASA proposed to use the Monte Carlo method for the simulation calculation of the wake encounter risk caused by lead aircraft and proved the applicability of the method. e safety zone of the paired approach and the risk of collision during a wrong approach of the lead aircraft can also be simulated by using the Monte Carlo method [10][11][12]. In 2014, the Langley Research Center used the method of constructing a wake kinematics model to calculate the wake encounter risk for aircrafts that implemented the paired approach mode, which provided a reference for the quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of Wake Safety Interval for Paired Approach Based on CFD

Yang

et al. 2021

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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In order to relieve the stress caused by the surge of flight flow, Closely Spaced Parallel Runways (CSPRs) have been built in many hub airports, and a paired approach mode has been applied to CSPRs in some countries. This paper proposes a method for optimizing the wake separation between aircrafts which utilizes a paired approach, aiming at reducing longitudinal separation by using computational fluid dynamics technology. Firstly, the model of the wake vortex field of the paired lead aircraft is constructed. Secondly, the numerical simulation preparation for the characteristics of the wake vortex field is completed through the computational pretreatment of the model. Thirdly, a calculation model of wake safety interval based on paired approach operation is established. Finally, the proposed method shows its superiority comparing with other methods. This method realized visual analysis of wake vortex through optimization modeling based on computational fluid dynamics, contributing to increasing the capacity of the runway and improving the operation efficiency of an aerodrome.

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“…One type is aimed at en route collision risk, and there are is some research on: cross routes, such as the macro-planning of the cross route angle with the goal of optimizing the route structure; route micro-adjustment with optimizing the location of intersections as the core; factors such as the collision risk at the intersection of routes and the relationship between the angle of intersection, and the length of flight segments; and the use of the “event” model for cross-routes collision risk analysis ( 5 – 11 ). The other type is the study of runway operation mode, but most of the research is based on parallel runways, and the research under lateral runway operation is still in the exploratory stage: the Monte Carlo simulation method was used to calculate safety zones for parallel runway approaches at different intervals and to conduct collision risk analysis for unpredictable flight failures on parallel runway simultaneous instrument approaches; a model was established to analyze the sensitivity of wake to flight safety during paired approach; and real-time risk prediction and conflict resolution are carried out on the aircraft maneuvering in the terminal area ( 12 – 16 ). Taking the runway of Beijing Chengdu New Airport as an example: the operation method of multi-runway airport control, including the V-shaped runway, was studied; a cross-runway collision risk model was established based on conflict points by referring to the modeling method of cross-route conflict points; and a collision risk assessment model between approaching and going around aircraft and departing aircraft under the near-distance parallel runway configuration was established, and a method for setting the AD window was proposed ( 17 – 19 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Method of Determining Arrival-Departure Window of Lateral Runway Based on Risk Theory

Wang

Yang

Ren

2022

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The arrival-departure (AD) window is actually an area that controls takeoff, where departing aircraft on the side runway are not allowed to take off when there are approaching aircraft in the AD window. To solve the operation conflict of the lateral runway system, the model and method of AD window based on collision risk theory are proposed for the first time. Firstly, the paper takes the operation process of the landing and departing aircraft under the simultaneous operation of the lateral runway as the research object, and gives the risk prediction based on the flight program protection area combining the runway configuration and the operation characteristics of the aircraft. Secondly, combined with the relative position change characteristics of aircraft pairs on the lateral runway, the real-time dynamic interval calculation model of two aircraft is built. The lateral runway collision risk calculation model based on position error theory is further established. Then, the solution process of AD window is designed based on the dichotomy method, so as to determine the final AD window boundary. Finally, taking Beijing Daxing International Airport, China, as an example, the location of the AD window is calculated, and the boundary of the AD window is determined to be 8,012 m before the entrance of Dongyi runway, and the maximum critical collision risk value is 4.9371 × 10−9 times/flight hour. The results have been verified by the control simulator and applied to the actual operation of Beijing Daxing International Airport from 2019 to the present. The practical operation results show that the proposed method and model can quantitatively determine the position of the AD window and effectively control the operation risk of lateral runway systems.

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Characterizing a Wake-Free Safe Zone for the Simplified Aircraft-Based Paired Approach Concept

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Modeling and Simulation of Wake Safety Interval for Paired Approach Based on CFD

Method of Determining Arrival-Departure Window of Lateral Runway Based on Risk Theory

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