Characterizing epidemiology of prediabetes, diabetes, and hypertension in Qataris: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives To characterize the epidemiologic profiles of prediabetes mellitus (preDM), diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension (HTN) in Qataris using the nationally representative 2012 Qatar STEPwise Survey. Methods A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey that included 2,497 Qatari nationals aged 18–64 years. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were conducted. Results Prevalence of preDM, DM, and HTN in Qataris aged 18–64 years was 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.6%-14.7%), 10.4% (95% CI 8.4%-12.9%), and 32.9% (95% CI 30.4%-35.6%), respectively. Age was the common factor associated with the three conditions. Adjusted analyses showed that unhealthy diet (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.84, 95% CI 1.01–3.36) was significantly associated with preDM; that physical inactivity (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.12–2.46), central obesity (aOR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.02–4.26), and HTN (aOR = 2.18, 95% CI 1.40–3.38) were significantly associated with DM; and that DM (aOR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.34–3.22) was significantly associated with HTN. Population attributable fraction of preDM associated with unhealthy diet was 7.7%; of DM associated with physical inactivity, central obesity, and HTN, respectively, was 14.9%, 39.8%, and 17.5%; and of HTN associated with DM was 3.0%. Conclusions One in five Qataris is living with either preDM or DM, and one in three is living with HTN, conditions that were found to be primarily driven by lifestyle factors. Prevention, control, and management of these conditions should be a national priority to reduce their disease burden and associated disease sequelae.

Type 2 diabetes epidemic and key risk factors in Qatar: a mathematical modeling analysis

“…The model stratified the population by nationality, sex, age, and T2DM status, as well as by the presence or absence of three major T2DM-related risk factors and their overlap: obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking. These risk factors were based on those identified as relevant and potentially modifiable through public health programs 20 22 24. Data regarding these factors were available from population-level surveys 19 20.…”

“…These risk factors were based on those identified as relevant and potentially modifiable through public health programs 20 22 24. Data regarding these factors were available from population-level surveys 19 20. Individuals were assumed to develop T2DM at rates that depend on their nationality, sex, age, and these risk factors.…”

“…Sex-specific and age-specific prevalence data for DM, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity were obtained from the 2012 Qatar STEPwise Survey 19 20…”

“…Qatar is part of MENA, with a population of 2.8 million in 2019, of which only 10.8% are Qataris and the remainder are expatriates from over 150 nationalities 15–18. The sole DM nationally representative population-based survey (2012 Qatar STEPwise Survey19) was conducted only among Qataris aged 18–64 years and estimated that DM, obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking prevalence were 10.4%, 41.5%, 40.0%, and 16.3%, respectively 20. The DM burden and levels of DM risk factors among the expatriate resident population that constitutes 89.2% of the population remain poorly characterized.…”

Epidemiology of prehospital emergency calls according to patient transport decision in a middle eastern emergency care environment: Retrospective cohort‐based

“…Among the 88,479 participants enrolled after data wrangling (Figure 1), 67,285 (76.05%) and 21,194 Approximately half of the individuals in both categories resided in urban areas (Table 1 and Figure 1). The age demographic most represented across both groups was 29-44 years.…”