Charakterisierung des mikrobiellen Schadstoffabbaus mithilfe von isotopenchemischen Methoden

Fischer, Anko; Vieth, Andrea; Knöller, Kay; Wachter, Thorsten; Dahmke, Andreas; Richnow, Hans‐Hermann

doi:10.1007/s00767-004-0042-y

Cited by 18 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…The distribution of contaminants, electron acceptors, and mineralization products along the flow path was determined in order to characterize the predominant BTEX biodegradation conditions. BTEX concentrations decreased by up to 96% combined with an increase in hydrogen carbonate concentrations and carbon isotope ratios of dissolved inorganic carbon, showing active mineralization processes (Fischer et al 2004;Stelzer et al 2006). In the source area, high methane concentrations and carbon isotope ratios of methane indicated biodegradation under methanogenic conditions (Fischer et al 2004).…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…4 is reliable, particularly for BTEX contaminants (Mancini et al 2002;Meckenstock et al 2002;Fischer et al 2004;Griebler et al 2004;Vieth et al 2005). However, it is of limited value for contaminants such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), TCE, DCE, and VC, which can be both substrates and metabolites .…”

Section: Sequential Transformation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For practical users, it is of advantage that application of the Rayleigh equation in a heterogeneous aquifer will inherently lead to an underestimation of in situ biodegradation and thus to a conservative assessment (Fischer et al 2004;Kopinke et al 2005a;Green et al 2010;Thullner et al 2012). Furthermore, the closed system for which in situ biodegradation is quantified has to be carefully defined.…”

Section: Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A detailed description of the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the contaminated aquifer is given by Fischer et al (2004), Vieth et al (2005), and Schirmer et al (2006). Briefly, BTEX exceeded concentrations of 900 mg L −1 in the source area, with benzene and toluene concentrations up to 850 and 50 mg L −1 , respectively, and ethyl benzene and xylenes concentrations typically lower than 3 mg L −1 .…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, BTEX exceeded concentrations of 900 mg L −1 in the source area, with benzene and toluene concentrations up to 850 and 50 mg L −1 , respectively, and ethyl benzene and xylenes concentrations typically lower than 3 mg L −1 . Groundwater samples were taken from multi-level sampling wells covering the entire area of the approximately 350 m long BTEX plume with two potential main source zones in the upper aquifer (Fischer et al 2004(Fischer et al , 2007Vieth et al 2005). The distribution of contaminants, electron acceptors, and mineralization products along the flow path was determined in order to characterize the predominant BTEX biodegradation conditions.…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field applicability of Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for characterization and quantification of in situ contaminant degradation in aquifers

Braeckevelt

Fischer

Kästner

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Microbial processes govern the fate of organic contaminants in aquifers to a major extent. Therefore, the evaluation of in situ biodegradation is essential for the implementation of Natural Attenuation (NA) concepts in groundwater management. Laboratory degradation experiments and biogeochemical approaches are often biased and provide only indirect evidence of in situ degradation potential. Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) is at present among the most promising tools for assessment of the in situ contaminant degradation within aquifers. One- and two-dimensional (2D) CSIA provides qualitative and quantitative information on in situ contaminant transformation; it is applicable for proving in situ degradation and characterizing degradation conditions and reaction mechanisms. However, field application of CSIA is challenging due to a number of influencing factors, namely those affecting the observed isotope fractionation during biodegradation (e.g., non-isotope-fractionating rate-limiting steps, limited bioavailability), potential isotope effects caused by processes other than biodegradation (e.g., sorption, volatilization, diffusion), as well as non-isotope-fractionating physical processes such as dispersion and dilution. This mini-review aims at guiding practical users towards the sound interpretation of CSIA field data for the characterization of in situ contaminant degradation. It focuses on the relevance of various constraints and influencing factors in CSIA field applications and provides advice on when and how to account for these constraints. We first evaluate factors that can influence isotope fractionation during biodegradation, as well as potential isotope-fractionating and non-isotope-fractionating physical processes governing observed isotope fractionation in the field. Finally, the potentials of the CSIA approach for site characterization and the proper ways to account for various constraints are illustrated by means of a comprehensive CSIA field study at the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX)-contaminated site Zeitz.

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Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Sequential Transformation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrogeochemistry and Degradation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Field applicability of Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for characterization and quantification of in situ contaminant degradation in aquifers

Braeckevelt

Fischer

Kästner

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Assessment of Microbial In Situ Activity in Contaminated Aquifers

Kästner

Fischer

Nijenhuis

et al. 2006

Engineering in Life Sciences

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Microbial ecologists and environmental engineers share the interest in identifying the key microorganisms responsible for compound turnover in the environment and in estimating the respective transformation rates. For the successful application of Natural Attenuation processes, a reliable assessment of the in situ turnover of a contaminant in an aquifer is essential. Here, we review and present new details of two recently developed approaches concerning the assessment of in situ biodegradation: (i) determination of biodegradation caused by microbial metabolism in a contamination plume by stable isotope fractionation analysis (SIFA) and (ii) determination of the actual degradation under the respective environmental conditions in the aquifer by using in situ microcosms (BACTRAPS®) amended with 13C‐labeled substrates as tracer compounds. Based on stable isotope fractionation analysis, the degradation occurring under anoxic biogeochemical conditions at a respective site can be calculated for the entire plume. This has been shown for benzene and toluene at the Zeitz site and partly for chlorobenzene at the Bitterfeld site. By use of the in situ microcosm approach with 13C‐labeled compounds, the microbial in situ degradation under strictly anaerobic conditions could be proven for benzene and toluene in Zeitz and for chlorobenzene in Bitterfeld. The transformation of 13C‐carbon of the labeled substrate into microbial fatty acids confirmed the assimilation of the pollutant resulting in the formation of biomass. In addition, metabolites such as benzylsuccinic acid were found in the toluene‐amended microcosms indicating anaerobic degradation of toluene. This result corresponds to the geochemical conditions found at the field site and therefore, the microcosm approach with 13C‐labeled compounds can be used to assign the predominant in situ degradation pathways in a contaminated aquifer. Since fatty acids profiles alone are often too unspecific for a community analysis at species level, the composition of the microbial communities was analyzed by genetic profiling and sequencing of partial 16S rRNA genes PCR‐amplified from total DNA extracted directly from the microcosms. Sequences retrieved from the microcosms indicated a dominance of not yet cultivated bacteria. Several sequences were phylogenetically closely related to sequences of bacteria known to be iron and sulfate reducers, typically found at sites polluted with BTEX and/or mineral oil. The results show that the current methods for monitoring microbial in situ activity at present stage are valuable tools for improving environmental control of compound turnover and will speed up engineering approaches.

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Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for Evaluating Degradation of Organic Pollutants: An Overview of Field Case Studies

Kuntze¹,

Eisenmann²,

Richnow

et al. 2019

Anaerobic Utilization of Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids

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Charakterisierung des mikrobiellen Schadstoffabbaus mithilfe von isotopenchemischen Methoden

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Field applicability of Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for characterization and quantification of in situ contaminant degradation in aquifers

Field applicability of Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for characterization and quantification of in situ contaminant degradation in aquifers

Assessment of Microbial In Situ Activity in Contaminated Aquifers

Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis (CSIA) for Evaluating Degradation of Organic Pollutants: An Overview of Field Case Studies

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