Charge Supported Growth and Superplasticity of Sodium Nanostructures

Abstract

Single-crystal sodium nanostructures (SNs) grown from sodium chloride (NaCl) powder were observed under e-beam irradiation by in situ transmission electron microscopy technique. A novel charge-supported growth (CSG) mode was proposed to explain the rich growth dynamics observed in the in situ experiments, including diameter-dependent growth velocity, self-avoiding growth mode, and seized growth. The electrostatic effect was found to be the main driving force of the CSG. Superplasticity was also found in the single-crystal SNs that showed plastic superplastic elongations of ∼300% upon tension. The small size effect was found to be the main reason for the superplasticity.

Electron-beam induced synthesis of nanostructures: a review

“…9c and d). 109 The overall charge of the NaCl crystal becomes negative due to the massive outflow of positive Na ions that diffuse superficially and accumulate forming small Na nanocrystal. Accumulation of positive Na ions occurs at the Na/NaCl interface.…”

Laser and electron beam-induced formation of Ag/Cr structures on Ag2CrO4

“…3, [14][15][16][17][18][19] Both techniques have gained enormous attention owing to their ability to investigate the structureproperty relation of nanomaterials and their chemical interactions with solid surfaces. Recently, fs laser and electron beam irradiation have been widely employed to grow metallic NPs of Ag, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Au NPs, [30][31][32] Bi NPs, 33,34 Os NPs, 35 Cu NPs, 36,37 Pt NPs, 38 Li NPs, 39 Na NPs, 40 Mg NPs, 41 Ca NPs, 42 and Ba NPs. 41 Moreover, electron beam and fs laser irradiation do not require the addition of any solvent or chemistry component during the formation process of nanostructures.…”

Electron-beam irradiation induced transformation of Cu2(OH)3NO3nanoflakes into nanocrystalline CuO

“…Thus, the growth of metallic (Li, Na, Hg, Pb, Ag, Pt, and Bi) nanostructures considered alone by e-beam as a tool demonstrates its efficacy. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Similarly, the case of localized fabrication or modification of material structure, composition, and morphology by e-beam has special significance to nanotechnologists. At present, e-beam based material manipulation at the nanometric level for developing unique localized nanostructures has shown promising applications and do not have any synthetic routes as the replacement.…”

“…[25][26][27][28][29][30] In comparison, the e-beam based manipulations are well controlled, rapid, effective, and reproducible. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Similarly, chemical transformation of CHN to CuO by tailoring different experimental conditions has been reported. 7,30 To the best of our knowledge, chemical transformation of CHN to porous hierarchical nano-structured CuO (at RT) without annealing was demonstrated by Sun et al 31 The thermal transformation of CHN to the CuO porous structure requires annealing at 250 °C in air for an hour.…”