Charge Transport Properties of Methylammonium Lead Trihalide Hybrid Perovskite Bulk Single Crystals

Abstract

In the past decade, hybrid halide perovskites have been discovered as promising intrinsic semiconductors for applications in many optoelectronics areas such as photovoltaics, photodetectors, lasers, and transistors. Herein, the major focus is the charge transport properties of MAPbBr3 and MAPbI3 bulk single‐crystal hybrid perovskites, starting by providing the relevant historical and scientific background information and then presenting a detailed synopsis of the methods to synthesize crystals. Following this, the core properties of crystals including charge transport properties are analyzed and discussed. A small critique of the space‐charge‐limited current method, which is one of the major methods to analyze charge transport properties, is given, before the applications of hybrid perovskite crystals are discussed, largely focusing on solar cells, radiation detectors, lasers, and other thermoelectric applications. An outlook as to the future of these materials is also presented with the conclusion.

Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

“…Synthesis methods for those materials have been reviewed elsewhere. [17,25,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] It is worth mentioning that the growth techniques are similar to those employed for MAPX crystals and thin films. As an example, formamidinium lead halide perovskite and mixed cations perovskite, as well as mixed halides perovskites and FAPbBr 3−x Cl x or FAPb 1−x Sn x Br 3 , were succesfully grown by ITC.…”

“…Although we chose to focus on MAPX SC, other types of perovskite highly promising for the solar industry were successfully grown as SC, and has been reviewed elsewhere (17,25,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). For example formamidinium lead halide perovskite FAPbX 3 and mixed cations perovskite FA (1≠x) MA x PbI 3 , as well as mixed halides perovskites and even FAPbBr 3≠x Cl x or FAPb 1≠x Sn x Br 3 , were succesfully grown by ITC (73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79).…”

“…Recent reviews in the literature comprehensively describe growth methods, properties and integration of MAPX SC in optoelectronic devices (17,25,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). The originality of the present review is to take an holistic approach to (i) critically assess the potential of SC for solar cells; (ii) put in perspective growth methods, optoelectronic properties and device performance to give insights on why 5 years after the first report, SCsolar cells struggle to outperform PC-solar cells despite the outstanding material properties; (iii) regard the anisotropy in physico-chemical properties as a unique asset for perovskite SC to outperform PC.…”

“…Recent reviews in the literature comprehensively describe growth methods, properties and integration of MAPX SC in optoelectronic devices. [17,25,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] The present review aims to take a complementary and holistic approach to i) critically assess the potential of SC for solar cells; ii) put growth methods, optoelectronic properties and device performance in perspective, to give insights on why 5 years after the first report, SC-solar cells still struggle to outperform PC-solar cells despite the outstanding material properties; iii) regard the anisotropy in physico-chemical properties as a unique asset for perovskite SC to outperform PC. We review the different techniques developed to grow bulk crystals, thin films and patterned thin films in solution, highlighting recent progress.…”