Chemical Adsorption and Physical Confinement of Polysulfides with the Janus-faced Interlayer for High-performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

We design the Janus-like interlayer with two different functional faces for suppressing the shuttle of soluble lithium polysulfides (LPSs) in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). At the front face, the conductive functionalized carbon fiber paper (f-CFP) having oxygen-containing groups i.e., -OH and -COOH on its surface was placed face to face with the sulfur cathode serving as the first barrier accommodating the volume expansion during cycling process and the oxygen-containing groups can also adsorb the soluble LPSs via lithium bonds. At the back face, a crystalline coordination network of [Zn(H2PO4)2(TzH)2]n (ZnPTz) was coated on the back side of f-CFP serving as the second barrier retarding the left LPSs passing through the front face via both physical confinement and chemical adsorption (i.e. Li bonding). The LSB using the Janus-like interlayer exhibits a high reversible discharge capacity of 1,416 mAh g−1 at 0.1C with a low capacity fading of 0.05% per cycle, 92% capacity retention after 200 cycles and ca. 100% coulombic efficiency. The fully charged LSB cell can practically supply electricity to a spinning motor with a nominal voltage of 3.0 V for 28 min demonstrating many potential applications.

Blocking Polysulfides in Graphene–Sulfur Cathodes of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries through Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina

“…Raman spectra of alumina‐coated graphene–sulfur (AGS) hybrid demonstrated the graphitic nature of AGS in addition to the evidence of anchored sulfur particles (Figure a). Raman bands at 152 and 218 cm −1 correspond to S 8 bending . A strong signal at 469 cm −1 indicates sulfur–sulfur bond stretching, confirming the presence of sulfur nanoparticles .…”

Impact of Micropores and Dopants to Mitigate Lithium Polysulfides Shuttle over High Surface Area of ZIF-8 Derived Nanoporous Carbons

“…% for C, N and O, respectively. The Zn should act as a Lewis acid site, 21,35 and the N should act as a polar site for PS chemisorption. The high-resolution scan of the Zn 2p spectra (Figure 3d) in the ZnN-cZIF-8 confirms the presence of two prominent peaks centered with a binding energy of 1021.2 and The high-resolution spectrum of N 1s (Figure 3e) shows three different types of N doping as pyridinic, pyrrolic, and graphitic at 399.1, 400.0, and 401.8 eV, respectively.…”

Charge transfer of carbon nanomaterials for efficient metal‐free electrocatalysis

“…[108] Such modified MWCNTs with the enhanced CO 2 adsorption efficiency can be utilized for electrocatalytic CO 2 RR, along with other electrocatalysis because the charged carbon atoms in the covalently functionalized carbon nanomaterials may also provide electrocatalytic active sites for various energy conversion processes. [97,[109][110][111][112][113] As shown in Figure 7D, the nitrobenzene group was chemically adsorbed through the formation of a covalent bond onto the graphene sheet. [109] Nitrobenzene acted as ptype dopant and induced charge transfer onto the graphene lattice, as demonstrated by modulation in Raman spectra.…”