Chemical and bioanalytical characterisation of PAHs in risk assessment of remediated PAH-contaminated soils

Larsson, Maria; Hagberg, Jessika; Rotander, Anna; Bavel, Bert van; Engwall, Magnus

doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1787-6

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, their efficacies were less, 108% to 115% of TMI compared with 160% to 180% of TMI for benzo[a]fluorene and benzo[a]fluorenone analyzed in the present study. This superinduction phenomenon has also been reported in the bioanalysis of environmental PAH‐contaminated samples using the H4IIE‐luc assay but also in other bioassays based on other cell lines . Sotoca et al showed that genistein could impact and stabilize the luciferase signal in estrogen‐receptor mediated assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Larsson

Hagberg

Giesy

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The H4IIE-luc transactivation bioassay for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists was used to investigate the relative potency factors (REPs) of 22 individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated-, methylated-, and N-containing derivatives (azaarenes), which are often present in PAH-contaminated soils. Naphthacene and dibenz[ah]acridine exhibited greater AhR-mediated potency, whereas lesser molecular-weight azaarenes were less potent AhR agonists. Six oxygenated PAHs had calculable REPs, but their potencies were less than their parent PAHs. Unlike the parent, unsubstituted PAHs, oxidation of methylated PAHs seemed to increase the AhR-mediated potency of the compounds, with 2-methylanthracene-9,10-dione being almost 2 times more potent than 2-methylanthracene. Both bioassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were used to examine the exposure time-dependent effects on the REPs at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of exposure in the H4IIE-luc transactivation bioassay. Changes in concentrations of 5 compounds including the model reference 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the cell culture wells were measured, and the amounts in the cell medium, in the cells, and adsorbed to the wells was determined and the influence on the REPs was studied. Declining REP values with increased duration of exposure were shown for all compounds, which we concluded were a consequence of the metabolism of PAHs and PAH derivatives in H4IIe-luc cells. The present study provides new knowledge regarding the degradation and distribution of compounds in the wells during exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Larsson

Hagberg

Giesy

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Relying on this list in the analysis of petroleum contaminated sediments for a toxicity estimate was said to "grossly underestimate the load of PAH contamination" (4). Based on the comparison of chemical and bioanalytical characterization of PAH contaminated soils, it was concluded that "[t]he current risk assessment method for PAH-contaminated soil in use in Sweden along with other countries, based on chemical analysis of selected PAHs, is missing toxicologically relevant PAHs and other similar substances" (5). Another study reached the conclusion that " [r]isks to wildlife were underestimated by 40 to 70 times by only considering parent PAHs" (6).…”

Section: Limitations Of the 16 Epa Pah Listmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to Say Goodbye to the 16 EPA PAHs? Toward an Up-to-Date Use of PACs for Environmental Purposes

Andersson

Achten²

2015

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

492

288

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The 16 EPA PAHs have played an exceptionally large role above all in environmental and analytical sciences in the last 40 years, but now there are good reasons to question their utility in many circumstances even though their use is so established and comfortable. Here we review the reasons why the list has been so successful and why sometimes it is seen as less relevant. Three groups of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are missing: larger and highly relevant PAHs, alkylated PACs, and compounds containing heteroatoms. Attempts to improve the situation for certain matrixes are known and here: (1) an updated list of PAHs (including the 16 EPA PAHs) for the evaluation of the toxicity in the environment (40 EnvPAHs); (2) a list of 23 NSO-heterocyclic compounds and 6 heterocyclic metabolites; and (3) lists of 10 oxy-PAHs and 10 nitro-PAHs are proposed for practical use in the future. A discussion in the scientific community about these lists is invited. Although the state of knowledge has improved dramatically since the introduction of the 16 EPA PAHs in the 1970s, this summary also shows that more research is needed about the toxicity, occurrence in the environment and chemical analysis, particularly of alkylated PAHs, higher molecular weight PAHs and substituted PACs such as amino-PAHs, cyano-PAHs, etc.. We also suggest that a long overdue discussion of an update of regulatory environmental PAH analysis is initiated.

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“…These sites can contain mixtures of PAHs and other important polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), such as alkyl‐substituted PAHs and heterocyclic compounds, which are not included in analyses of the priority PAHs (Andersson and Achten ). Previous research has shown that risk assessments based only on priority PAHs underestimate the load of PAH contamination and overlook potential contaminants present in the environment (Andersson et al ; Larsson et al ). Alkylated PAHs and heterocyclic compounds have been detected in soils, rivers, and sediments (Lundstedt et al ; Vondrácek et al ; Wayland et al ; Sun et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylated PACs are more potent than their parent compounds: A study of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–mediated activity, degradability, and mixture interactions in the H4IIE‐luc assay

Lam

Bülow

Engwall

et al. 2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Twenty-six polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs; including native polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], hydroxylated PAHs, alkylated and oxygenated PAHs, and [alkylated] heterocyclic compounds) were investigated for their aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated potencies in the H4IIE-luc bioassay. Potential degradabilities of PACs were investigated by use of various durations of exposure (24, 48, or 72 h), and various mixtures of PACs including PAHs, alkylated and oxygenated PAHs, and heterocyclic compounds were tested for their joint AhR-mediated potency. Additive behaviors of PACs in mixtures were studied by comparing observed mixture potencies with mixture potencies predicted by use of the concentration addition model. Methylated derivatives were more potent than their parent compounds in the H4IIE-luc assay. A time-dependent decrease in relative potency was observed for all AhR-active compounds, which may be indicative of in vitro biotransformation. Monomethylated compounds seemed to be more rapidly transformed than analogous unsubstituted compounds. In addition, the results showed that the predictive power of the concentration addition model increased with the number of compounds, suggesting additivity in multicomponent mixtures. Due to the greater potency of methylated derivatives and their ubiquitous occurrence, there is a need for further research on the toxicity and mixture behavior of these environmentally and toxicologically relevant compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1409-1419. © 2018 SETAC.

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Chemical and bioanalytical characterisation of PAHs in risk assessment of remediated PAH-contaminated soils

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Time to Say Goodbye to the 16 EPA PAHs? Toward an Up-to-Date Use of PACs for Environmental Purposes

Methylated PACs are more potent than their parent compounds: A study of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–mediated activity, degradability, and mixture interactions in the H4IIE‐luc assay

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