Chemical and Biological Synthesis of Hydroxy Apatite: Advantage and Application

Abstract

Production of nanostructured materials, similar to the complex structure of nanocalcite of hard tissues, egg shell, teeth and bone, are an attractive field of research. Calcium phosphates with clinical applications, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) (Ca 10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2 ) have been widely used in regeneration of bone and fabrication of medical implants, mainly due to the chemical composition and structure similarity between HA and the mineral part of bones and teeth, and also as gene and drug delivery is used. High surface area of HA make it useful for drug release. Moreover, it has antibacterial property and potential applications in rapid microbial detection, treatment of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Biological synthesis has been attracted more attention for compatibility to human safety.

Influence of the addition of nanohydroxyapatite to scaffolds on proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review of in vitro studies

“…Regarding the effect of NHap on cell culture, this review showed that all studies had a positive effect on intervention groups, corroborating Hokmabad et al ( 6 ), who reported that the addition of NHap provides a suitable environment for cell proliferation and differentiation due to characteristics such as increased surface roughness, favoring the absorption of chemical species from the surrounding environment. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , is one of the members of the apatite family, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (F,OH,Cl) 2 ( 4 , 17 ). Since it is the main mineral component of bones and teeth, synthetic HAp stands out in the field of material science for biological applications ( 5 , 13 , 18 , 19 ).…”

“…The addition of nanoparticles to scaffolds has drawn attention of researchers as it favors conditions such as improved performance, increased adhesion rate, cell migration, proliferation, specific lineage differentiation, nutrient supply, and extracellular matrix deposition ( 3 - 5 ).…”

“…Nanohydroxyapatite (NHap) is widely used because hydroxyapatite is a predominant component of calcified tissues and because it is known for its osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties ( 1 , 3 - 9 ).…”

“…Currently, many studies have used nanoparticles of various natures in different amounts and with different methodologies, with no consensus about the need to include nanoparticles in scaffolds and the actual benefit for the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells (6)(7)(8)(9). Nanohydroxyapatite (NHap) is widely used because hydroxyapatite is a predominant component of calcified tissues and because it is known for its osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties (1,(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Review on Biological Synthesis of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Its Application in Nano-Medicine

“…Comparison of chemical synthesis methods of HA(1,18,19).According to the findings of Hsieh et al, the sol-gel method has advantages over the other chemical methods listed in Table…”