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Production of nanostructured materials, similar to the complex structure of nanocalcite of hard tissues, egg shell, teeth and bone, are an attractive field of research. Calcium phosphates with clinical applications, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) (Ca 10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2 ) have been widely used in regeneration of bone and fabrication of medical implants, mainly due to the chemical composition and structure similarity between HA and the mineral part of bones and teeth, and also as gene and drug delivery is used. High surface area of HA make it useful for drug release. Moreover, it has antibacterial property and potential applications in rapid microbial detection, treatment of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Biological synthesis has been attracted more attention for compatibility to human safety.

Background: Anti-phospholipid antibodies have the potential to become an alternative to conventional antibiotics for humans. The Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease where the body’s defense system incorrectly reacts against its own phospholipids. APS is distinct through the existence of venous and arterial thromboses, frequently multiple and recurring fetal losses, commonly accompanied by moderate thrombocytopenia. Anti-phospholipid antibodies include lupus anti-coagulant, anti-cardiolipin, anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1, and anti-prothrombin antibodies. Methods: In this study, the mechanism of action of Anti-phospholipid antibodies against Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated in great detail using a unique combination of imaging and biophysical techniques. Antibacterial activity of antiphospholipid antibodies was detected by a diffusion method and the investigation of the complexity of antibody-antigen was done by spectroscopic examination, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. Results: There was a profound change in the bacteria treated with healthy and patient serum in the optical microscopic study. In all of the studied fields bacterial treatment with patient serum, immediately induced bacterial swelling and cumulative accumulation of the bacteria while no changes were observed in the healthy serum. Anti-bacterial activities of patient serum were detected on plate. The result of this study showed that after platelet activation by thrombin and incubation with antiphospholipid antibodies, the platelet was aggregated. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed that the cell wall of Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus incubated by antiphospholipid had a bizarre shape and antiphospholipid antibodies bound to bacterial membranes. Conclusion: xThe data indicated that antiphospholipid antibodies with hemolysis activities have an effect on Gram-positive and negative bacteria and these antibodies have potential to become antibiotic for human.

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