Chemical and Biological Treatment of Dyes

Abstract

Life of living or non-living being depends on water; in short, water is life. But these days, with the growing industrialization, it is spoiling a lot. Wastewater contains contaminants like acids, bases, toxic organic and inorganic dissolved solids, and colors. Out of them, the most undesirable are colors caused mainly by dyes. Color and other compounds present in water are always not desirable for domestic or industrial needs. The wastes of dyes are predominant amongst all the complex industrial wastewater. This water is dark in color and highly toxic, blocking the sunlight and affecting the ecosystem. Among all the dyes, azo dyes contribute to commercial dyes used widely in textile, plastic, leather, and paper industries as additives. The removal and degradation of azo dyes in aquatic environment is important because they are highly toxic to aquatic organisms. For every industry, clean technology has become an important concern. In this chapter, the authors discuss about existing processes as well as promising new technologies for textile wastewater decolorisation.

Revolutionizing Wastewater Treatment: Harnessing Metal–Organic Frameworks for Exceptional Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo-Type Dyes

“…Other methods for the degradation of azo dyes have been explored via electrochemistry, which can effectively eliminate dyes but often generate sludge requiring further treatment [35]. The biological treatment has gained traction as bacteria have evolved to tolerate more toxic environments and break down complex dye molecules as a food source, facilitating partial or complete azo dye degradation [36,37]. However, this approach has not been effective for all dyes.…”

Insights into Solar Disinfection Enhancements for Drinking Water Treatment Applications

“…The chemical water treatment approach involves using chemicals in an array of procedures to expedite purification or separation of the water pollutant. Chemical approaches consist of various reactions that eventually lead to neutralization and hydrolyzing the water pollutants into harmless chemicals [26]. Salimi et al [27] stated that coagulation and advanced oxidation processes are the main chemical methods in water treatment processes, which also include ozonation and Fenton treatment.…”