No abstract

Dyes are an important class of organic pollutants and well known for their hazardous effects to the aquatic life in general and the human beings in particular. In order to reduce the negative effects of dye contaminated wastewater to the humans and the environment, the wastewater must be treated carefully before discharge into main streams. Advances in science and technology have led to the evolution of several techniques for the removal of dyes from industrial and domestic effluents. In this review, the more recent methods for the removal of dyes from water and wastewater have been discussed. Wastewater treatment techniques such as adsorption, oxidation, flocculation-coagulation, membrane filtration and biological treatment have been highlighted. Besides, efforts were made to review all the available techniques and recently published studies from 2010-2014. Furthermore, performances and special features of these technologies have been summarised. Advantages and limitations of each technique are also presented. Literature survey reveals that chemical oxidation, adsorption, and biological treatments have been the most frequently investigated techniques for dye removal over the past few years.

No abstract

This manuscript reviewed the major research studies in the field and discussed several research findings on the chemical composition of essential oils, methods of oil extraction, and application of these oils in pharmaceutical and therapeutic fields. These essential oils can be used as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, and as skin permeation enhancer agents.