Chemical and isotopic interpretation of major ion compositions from precipitation: a one-year temporal monitoring study in Wrocław, SW Poland

Ciężka, Monika; Modelska, Magdalena; Górka, Maciej; Trojanowska-Olichwer, Adriana; Wîdory, David

doi:10.1007/s10874-015-9316-2

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The dependence of δ 15 N of TN on temperature (Fig. 7) is similar to that observed by Ciężka et al (2016) for δ 15 N of NH + 4 from precipitation; however, it is the opposite of that observed by Freyer (1991) for δ 15 N of NO − 3 . The aforementioned studies concluded that the isotope equilibrium exchange between nitrogen oxides and particulate nitrates is temperature dependent and could lead to more 15 Nenriched NO − 3 during the cold season (Freyer et al, 1993;Savard et al, 2017).…”

Section: Total Carbon and Its δ 13 Csupporting

confidence: 77%

“…These δ 15 N values of nitrogen oxides are also significantly higher than those from vehicular exhaust (−13 ‰ to −2 ‰, Heaton, 1990; −19 ‰ to +9 ‰, Walters et al, 2015b) or biogenic soil (−48 ‰ to −19 ‰, Li and Wang, 2008). Because of the slight difference between above-reported δ 15 N of nitrogen oxides and our δ 15 N of TN during maximal NO − 3 events, the isotope composition is probably influenced by the process of kinetic isotopic fractionation in fossil fuel combustion samples during the heating season as referred to by Ciężka et al (2016) as one of three possible processes. Thus, δ 15 N values around 13.3 ‰ (Fig.…”

Section: Total Nitrogen and Its δ 15 Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One approach for exploring chemical processes taking place in atmospheric aerosols is the application of stable carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) isotope ratios. These isotopes can provide unique insight into source emissions, along with physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere (Gensch et al, 2014;Kawamura et al, 2004) P. Vodička et al: Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition as well as historical atmospheric compositions (Dean et al, 2014). However, studies based on single-isotope analysis have their limitations (Meier-Augenstein and Kemp, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yeatman et al (2001a, b) conducted analyses of δ 15 N in NO − 3 and NH + 4 at two coastal sites in Weybourne, England, and Mace Head, Ireland, focusing on the effects of the possible sources and aerosol size segregation on their formation processes and isotopic enrichment. More recently, Ciężka et al (2016) reported 1-year observations of δ 15 N in NH + 4 and ions in precipitation at an urban site in Wrocław, Poland, whereas Beyn et al (2015) reported seasonal changes in δ 15 N in NO − 3 in wet and dry deposition at a coastal and an urban site in Germany to evaluate nitrogen pollution levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

et al. 2019

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Abstract. A study of the stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of total carbon (TC) and the nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of total nitrogen (TN) was carried out for fine aerosol particles (PM1) and was undertaken every 2 days with a 24 h sampling period at a rural background site in Košetice (Central Europe) from 27 September 2013 to 9 August 2014 (n=146). We found a seasonal pattern for both δ13C and δ15N. The seasonal variation in δ15N was characterized by lower values (average of 13.1±4.5 ‰) in winter and higher values (25.0±1.6 ‰) in summer. Autumn and spring were transition periods when the isotopic composition gradually changed due to the changing sources and ambient temperature. The seasonal variation in δ13C was less pronounced but more depleted in 13C in summer (-27.8±0.4 ‰) as compared to winter (-26.7±0.5 ‰). A comparative analysis with water-soluble ions, organic carbon, elemental carbon, trace gases and meteorological parameters (mainly ambient temperature) has shown major associations with the isotopic compositions, which has provided greater knowledge and understanding of the corresponding processes. A comparison of δ15N with NO3-, NH4+ and organic nitrogen (OrgN) revealed that although a higher content of NO3- was associated with a decrease in the δ15N of TN, NH4+ and OrgN caused increases. The highest concentrations of nitrate, mainly represented by NH4NO3 related to the emissions from biomass burning leading to an average δ15N of TN (13.3 ‰) in winter. During spring, the percentage of NO3- in PM1 decreased. An enrichment of 15N was probably driven by the equilibrium exchange between the gas and aerosol phases (NH3(g) ↔ NH4+(p)), which is supported by the increased ambient temperature. This equilibrium was suppressed in early summer when the molar ratios of NH4+/SO42- reached 2, and the nitrate partitioning in aerosol was negligible due to the increased ambient temperature. Summertime δ15N values were among the highest, suggesting the aging of ammonium sulfate and OrgN aerosols. Such aged aerosols can be coated by organics in which 13C enrichment takes place by the photooxidation process. This result was supported by a positive correlation of δ13C with ambient temperature and ozone, as observed in the summer season. During winter, we observed an event with the lowest δ15N and highest δ13C values. The winter event occurred in prevailing southeast air masses. Although the higher δ13C values probably originated from biomass-burning particles, the lowest δ15N values were probably associated with agriculture emissions of NH3 under low-temperature conditions (< 0 ∘C).

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Section: Total Carbon and Its δ 13 Csupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Total Nitrogen and Its δ 15 Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

et al. 2019

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“…High δ 15 N values imply that secondary formation of NH + 4 played a larger role in nitrogen contents of PM 1 in these samples. Previous studies based on chemical analysis and the δ 15 N(NH + 4 ) approach showed that in Poland fossil fuel burning is the main source of NH + 4 in precipitation during the heating season [54]. Precipitation samples during November are characterized by a low NH + 4 concentration and δ 15 N (NH + 4 ) values in a range of 5-10‰.…”

Section: Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition Of Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio in PM₁ and size segregated aerosol particles over the Baltic Sea

Garbarienė¹,

Remeikis²,

Mašalaitė³

et al. 2019

physics

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We analysed δ13C of total carbon (TC) and δ15N of total nitrogen (TN) in submicron (PM1) and size segregated aerosol particles (PM0.056–2.5) collected during a cruise in the Baltic Sea from 9 to 17 November 2012. PM1 were characterized by the highest δ13C (–26.4‰) and lowest δ15N (–0.2 and 0.8‰) values when air masses arrived from the southwest direction (Poland). The obtained δ13C values indicated that combined emissions of coal and diesel/gasoline combustion were the most likely sources of TC. The depleted δ15N values indicated that TN originated mainly from liquid fuel combustion (road traffic, shipping) during this period. The lowest δ13C and highest δ15N values were determined in PM1 samples during the western airflow when the air masses had no recent contact with land. The highest δ15N values were probably associated with chemical aging of nitrogenous species during long-range transport, the lowest δ13C values could be related to emissions from diesel/gasoline combustion, potentially from ship traffic. The δ13C analysis of size-segregated aerosol particles PM0.056–2.5 revealed that the lowest δ13C values were observed in the size range from 0.056 to 0.18 µm and gradual 13C enrichment occurred in the size range from 0.18 to 2.5 µm due to different sources or formation mechanisms of the aerosols.

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The coupled study of metal concentrations and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of lichens (Hypogymnia physodes) from the Świętokrzyski National Park—environmental implications

Ciężka

Górka

Modelska

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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SO2, NOx, and metals (including Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mg, Fe) present in airborne particulate matter are a major threat to preserving good air quality. The complicated pathways and transformation processes that can change their physical/chemical state in the atmosphere renders identifying their origin extremely difficult. With the objective of alleviating this difficulty, we identified and characterized potential local and regional sources of atmospheric pollutants using bioindicators (Hypogymnia physodes) from the Świętokrzyski National Park (SE Poland): 20 lichen samples were collected during winter (February; heating period) and summer (June; vegetative period) seasons and analyzed for metal contents and free radicals concentrations. Our results indicate that the highest gaseous pollutant levels were observed during the heating season, along roads (NO2) and at the highest elevation (SO2). The semiquinone/phenoxyl radical concentrations correlated during the heating season with the atmospheric SO2: ln (free radicals concentrations) = 0.025 SO2atmosphere + 39.11. For Mn/Fe ≥ 2, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra presented a hyperfine splitting. Results showed that since 1994 metal concentrations increased for Cd, Mn, and Mg, Fe remained somewhat constant for Zn and Cu but slightly decreased for Pb, in agreement with the phasing out of lead in gasoline. Finally, a principal component analysis (PCA) identified two main factors controlling variability within the analyzed parameters: air pollutants transport over long distances and local fuel combustion by both transport and home heating.

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Chemical and isotopic interpretation of major ion compositions from precipitation: a one-year temporal monitoring study in Wrocław, SW Poland

Cited by 34 publications

References 75 publications

Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio in PM₁ and size segregated aerosol particles over the Baltic Sea

The coupled study of metal concentrations and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of lichens (Hypogymnia physodes) from the Świętokrzyski National Park—environmental implications

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Chemical and isotopic interpretation of major ion compositions from precipitation: a one-year temporal monitoring study in Wrocław, SW Poland

Cited by 34 publications

References 75 publications

Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio in PM1 and size segregated aerosol particles over the Baltic Sea

The coupled study of metal concentrations and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of lichens (Hypogymnia physodes) from the Świętokrzyski National Park—environmental implications

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Product

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About

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio in PM₁ and size segregated aerosol particles over the Baltic Sea