Chemical and Physical Mutagenesis in Jatropha curcas

Maghuly, Fatemeh; Bado, Souleymane; Jankowicz-Cieślak, Joanna; Laimer, Margit

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45021-6_2

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Genetic engineering appears to be the most effective mutation strategy, but at the same time, it is also the most costly and complex approach. Chemical and physical mutagenesis are also routinely used to increase diversity in microorganisms [ 14 ], which include ultraviolet light (UV), γ rays, X-rays, neutrons, β and α particles radiations. However, chemical mutagens are dangerous as their exposure to the users causes high toxicity and necessitates expensive equipment, particular knowledge, and assessment [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing biomass and lipid productivity of a green microalga Parachlorella kessleri for biodiesel production using rapid mutation of atmospheric and room temperature plasma

Elshobary

Zabed

et al. 2022

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Microalgae, with their high adaptability to various stress conditions and rapid growth, are considered excellent biomass resources for lipid production and biodiesel feedstocks. However, lipid yield and productivity of the natural strains are common bottlenecks in their large-scale use for lipid production, which can be overcome by evolving new strains using conventional and advanced mutagenic techniques. It is challenging to generate microalgae strains capable of high lipid synthesis through natural selection. As a result, random mutagenesis is currently considered a viable option in many scenarios. The objective of this study was to explore atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) as a random mutagenesis technique to obtain high lipid-accumulating mutants of a green microalga for improved biodiesel production. Results A green microalgal species was isolated from the Chinese Yellow Sea and identified as Parachlorella kessleri (OM758328). The isolated microalga was subsequently mutated by ARTP to obtain high lipid-accumulating mutants. Based on the growth rate and lipid content, 5 mutants (named M1, M2, M4, M5, and M8) were selected from 15 pre-selected mutants. These five mutants varied in their growth rate from 0.33 to 0.68 day−1, with the lipid content varying between 0.25 g/L in M2 to 0.30 g/L in M8 at 10th day of cultivation. Among the mutants, M8 showed the maximum biomass productivity (0.046 g/L/day) and lipid productivity (20.19 mg/L/day), which were 75% and 44% higher than the wild strain, respectively. The triglyceride (TAG) content of M8 was found to be 0.56 g/L at 16th day of cultivation, which was 1.77-fold higher than that of the wild strain. Furthermore, M8 had the highest saturated fatty acids (C16-18) with the lowermost polyunsaturated fatty acid content, which are favorable properties of a biodiesel feedstock according to international standards. Conclusion The mutant strain of P. kessleri developed by the ARTP technique exhibited significant improvements in biomass productivity, lipid content, and biodiesel quality. Therefore, the biomass of this mutant microalga could be a potential feedstock for biodiesel production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing biomass and lipid productivity of a green microalga Parachlorella kessleri for biodiesel production using rapid mutation of atmospheric and room temperature plasma

Elshobary

Zabed

et al. 2022

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…The results also confirmed the existence of high genome methylation in J. curcas , which could be responsible for its genome plasticity and ability to survive in different climate conditions. EMS-induced mutants exhibited a wide range of phenotypic variation, especially in leaf and stem architecture, which depends on the concentration of the applied mutagen ( Maghuly et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mutant population of 1,000 seeds from a selected J. curcas tree originated from Ethiopia was generated using three concentrations (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6%) of the chemical mutagen ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) for 3 different durations (0.5, 1.5, and 3 h) ( Maghuly et al, 2017 ). The mutated population (M 1 V 1 ) was transferred to appropriate tissue culture media and kept in a growth chamber with 12 h light at 28°C + - 2°C ( da Câmara Machado et al, 1997 ; Maghuly et al, 2017 ), at the PBU, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria. Control samples, not exposed to EMS treatment were grown in the same conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pattern and Distribution of Induced Mutations in J. curcas Using Reduced Representation Sequencing

et al. 2018

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Mutagenesis in combination with Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) is a powerful tool for introducing variation, studying gene function and identifying causal mutations underlying phenotypes of interest in crop plant genomes. About 400 million paired-end reads were obtained from 82 ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) induced mutants and 14 wild-type accessions of Jatropha curcas for the detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and Insertion/Deletions (InDels) by two different approaches (nGBS and ddGBS) on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencer. Using bioinformatics analyses, 1,452 induced SNPs and InDels were identified in coding regions, which were distributed across 995 genes. The predominantly observed mutations were G/C to A/T transitions (64%), while transversions were observed at a lower frequency (36%). Regarding the effect of mutations on gene function, 18% of the mutations were located in intergenic regions. In fact, mutants with the highest number of heterozygous SNPs were found in samples treated with 0.8% EMS for 3 h. Reconstruction of the metabolic pathways showed that in total 16 SNPs were located in six KEGG pathways by nGBS and two pathways by ddGBS. The most highly represented pathways were ether-lipid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism, followed by starch and sucrose metabolism by nGBS and triterpenoid biosynthesis as well as steroid biosynthesis by ddGBS. Furthermore, high genome methylation was observed in J. curcas, which might help to understand the plasticity of the Jatropha genome in response to environmental factors. At last, the results showed that continuously vegetatively propagated tissue is a fast, efficient and accurate method to dissolve chimeras, especially for long-lived plants like J. curcas. Obtained data showed that allelic variations and in silico analyses of gene functions (gene function prediction), which control important traits, could be identified in mutant populations using nGBS and ddGBS. However, the handling of GBS data is more difficult and more challenging than the traditional TILLING strategy in mutated plants, since the Jatropha genome sequence is incomplete, which makes alignment and variant analysis of target sequence reads challenging to perform and interpret. Therefore, providing a complete Jatropha reference genome sequence with high quality should be a priority for any breeding program.

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“…Plant species which are an important source for biofuel production have been subjected to mutation breeding. For example, Jatropha curcas has been mutagenised both in vivo and in vitro using both physical (X‐ or γ‐rays) and chemical (EMS) mutagens to treat seeds and stem cuttings (Maghuly et al., 2016 ). Different J. curcas mutants were obtained by random mutagenesis techniques including both tall and dwarf, high branching, high fruit and oil yielding, and high biomass yielding variants (Christov et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants

Mullins¹,

Bresson²,

Dalmay³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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Mutations are changes in the genetic material that may be transmitted to subsequent generations. Mutations appear spontaneously in nature and are one of the underlying driving forces of evolution. In plants, in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis relies on the application of physical and chemical mutagens to increase the frequency of mutations thus accelerating the selection of varieties with important agronomic traits. The European Commission has requested EFSA to provide a more detailed description of in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques and the types of mutations and mechanisms involved, to be able to conclude on whether in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques are to be considered different techniques. To address the European Commission request, a literature search was conducted to collect information on the random mutagenesis techniques used in plants both in vivo and in vitro, on the type of mutations generated by such techniques and on the molecular mechanisms underlying formation of those mutations. The GMO Panel concludes that most physical and chemical mutagenesis techniques have been applied both in vivo and in vitro; the mutation process and the repair mechanisms act at cellular level and thus there is no difference between application of the mutagen in vivo or in vitro; and the type of mutations induced by a specific mutagen are expected to be the same, regardless of whether such mutagen is applied in vivo or in vitro. Indeed, the same mutation and the derived trait in a given plant species can be potentially obtained using both in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis and the resulting mutants would be indistinguishable. Therefore, the GMO Panel concludes that the distinction between plants obtained by in vitro or in vivo approaches is not justified.

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Chemical and Physical Mutagenesis in Jatropha curcas

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Enhancing biomass and lipid productivity of a green microalga Parachlorella kessleri for biodiesel production using rapid mutation of atmospheric and room temperature plasma

Enhancing biomass and lipid productivity of a green microalga Parachlorella kessleri for biodiesel production using rapid mutation of atmospheric and room temperature plasma

The Pattern and Distribution of Induced Mutations in J. curcas Using Reduced Representation Sequencing

In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants

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