Chemical basis of adhesion to electrical discharge treated polyethylene

Briggs, D.; Kendall, C.R.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(79)90290-8

Cited by 87 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The mechanism has been unanimously considered to occur by a radical process. In addition, it is known that the chemical reactions evolving in a flame usually proceed through free radical intermediates [67]. The mechanism of surface oxidation by flame treatment likely involves polymer radical formation through abstraction of hydrogen by O and OH, followed by rapid reaction of the polymer radicals with O, OH, and O 2 .…”

Section: Oxidation Mechanism By Flame Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame treatment of low-density polyethylene: Surface chemistry across the length scales

Song¹,

Gunst

Arlinghaus

et al. 2007

Applied Surface Science

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The relationship between surface chemistry and morphology of flame treated low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was studied by various characterization techniques across different length scales. The chemical composition of the surface was determined on the micrometer scale by Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as with time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), while surface wettability was obtained through contact angle (CA) measurements on the millimeter scale. The surface concentration of hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups, as a function of the ''number'' of the flame treatment passes (which is proportional to the treatment time) was obtained. Moreover, a correlation was found with chemical composition and polarity, emphasizing the role of oxygen-containing functional groups introduced during the treatment. Carboxyl functional groups were specifically identified by fluorescent labeling and the results were compared with the ToF-SIMS data. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to evaluate changes in surface topography and roughness on the nanometer to micrometer length scales. After flame treatment, water-soluble low molecular weight oxidized materials (LMWOM), which were generated as products of oxidation and chain scission of the LDPE surface, agglomerated into small topographical mounds that were visible in the AFM micrographs. After rinsing the flame treated samples with water and ethanol, bead-like nodular surface structures were observed. The ionization state of flame treated LDPE surfaces was monitored by chemical force microscopy (CFM). The effective surface pK a values of carboxylic acid (-COOH) obtained by AFM were revealed by chemical force titration curves and the effective surface pK a values were found to be around 6. #

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Section: Oxidation Mechanism By Flame Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame treatment of low-density polyethylene: Surface chemistry across the length scales

Song¹,

Gunst

Arlinghaus

et al. 2007

Applied Surface Science

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“…The polymer surface is oxidised which leads to the introduction of polar functional groups like hydroxyl, carboxylic and carbonylic groups. [78] In flame treatment the polymer surface is passed through a flame generated by the combustion of an air-hydrocarbon gas mixture. It is usually applied to relatively thick polyolefin objects such as blow-moulded bottles and thermo-formed tubs.…”

Section: Flame Treatment and Corona Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Properties of Plastic Materials in Relation to Their Adhering Performance

Leeden

Frens

2002

Adv. Eng. Mater.

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Adhesion between polymeric phases like adhesives and plastic surfaces is critical in many technological and industrial applications. In the last decades much progress has been made to understand the impact of the surface properties of both phases on the adhesive strength between them. These surface properties influence processes like wetting, molecular adsorption and inter‐diffusion which determine how an interface develops into an interphase after the two materials have been brought into contact. Ultimately, the properties of this interphase determine the overall adhesion strength of an assembly. In this paper important parameters in the adhesion process will be reviewed, including methods to engineer these parameters in order to attain adhesion strengths ranging from complete release to irreversible bonding.

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“…Despite its widespread use, knowledge of the fundamental chemical processes involved in corona treatment remains limited. While Owens [1,2] was able to elucidate many important characteristics of corona treatment without using modern surface analytical techniques, a reasonably clear understanding of the effects of corona treatment did not emerge until Briggs and co-workers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] applied X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) to the study of coronamodified polymers. Recently, Gerenser and co-workers [10,11] have expanded the fundamental information available on the corona-discharge process through additional ESCA studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-molecular-weight materials on corona-treated polypropylene

Strobel

Dunatov

Strobel

et al. 1989

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

176

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Abstract�ESCA, wettability measurements, SEM, weight-loss determinations, and an ink adhesion test were used to characterize low-molecular-weight oxidized materials (LMWOM) formed during the corona-discharge treatment of polypropylene film. Water-soluble LMWOM is readily formed by scission processes occurring during corona treatment. The presence of water-soluble LMWOM complicates the interpretation of wettability-based measurements of corona effectiveness. Surface roughening on corona-treated polypropylene is caused by the interaction of LMWOM and water in a high-relative-humidity environment. LMWOM does not necessarily form a weak boundary layer that hinders subsequent adhesion of ink to the corona-treated film.

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Chemical basis of adhesion to electrical discharge treated polyethylene

Cited by 87 publications

References 3 publications

Flame treatment of low-density polyethylene: Surface chemistry across the length scales

Flame treatment of low-density polyethylene: Surface chemistry across the length scales

Surface Properties of Plastic Materials in Relation to Their Adhering Performance

Low-molecular-weight materials on corona-treated polypropylene

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