Chemical Biomarker Study of Negative Physiological Effects of Insecticides on Pakistani Farm Workers Health in the Central Punjab

Abstract

Background: In recent decades, use of pesticides in agricultural practices has posed threat to human population. Objectives: Present research was designed to explore the adverse effects of insecticides on 339 individuals (study group farmers n = 256 and control n = 83) selected from 62 different sites of central Punjab. The sample was matched on socio-economic status and age. Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used to