Chemical Characteristics, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol, and Caffeine Contents in Coffee of Date Seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) of Red Sayer Variety

Abstract

Red Sayer is one of the date varieties from the United Arab Emirates. This variety is one type of dates that is imported into Indonesia and used as processed date palm juice producing waste, namely date seeds. Date seeds can be made into some coffee that is rich in antioxidants and does not contain caffeine. The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, total phenol, and caffeine contents in coffee of the Red Sayer variety date seeds. Coffee of date seeds is made into powder and then analyzed for its contents of water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates and total sugar, besides its antioxidant activity, total phenol, and caffeine levels. The results of the analysis obtained are, as follows: 4.42±0.01% water, 1.17±0.04% ash, 8.55±0.64% protein, 7.34±0.07% fat, 78.52±0.76% carbohydrate, 16.39±0.01% total sugar, 23.81±0.22 µg/mL antioxidant activity (IC50) and 340.65±1.53 mg GAE / 100g total phenol, while caffeine is not detected. Red Sayer date seed coffee, therefore, can be a source of carbohydrates and natural antioxidants that does not contain caffeine.

Chemical Composition Study of Three Varieties of Date seeds (Iraqi, Saudi and Yemeni) and their Utilization as caffeine-free coffee alternative

“…Caffeine content: The results in Table 3 indicated that no significant differences among different types of date seeds. However, significant differences were observed between Yemeni coffee beans and all types of date seeds, as caffeine was not detected in all date seeds, consistent with findings reported by [42,18 ] Conversely, Yemeni coffee beans showed increasing caffeine content, which can adversely affect human health by inducing cardiac muscle stress and being considered stimulants [14].The lower the caffeine content, the better for overall health. Several studies have indicated that continuous caffeine consumption lead to stress and anxiety [31] , headaches [17] ,…”

A Comprehensive Review of the Nutritional Composition and Toxicological Profile of Date Seed Coffee (Phoenix dactylifera)

“…No traces of caffeine in the date seeds were found [2]. Further studies were performed, but caffeine could not be detected [10,32,34,35,44,60,63,64].…”

“…Among the different components of the date fruit, the seeds exhibit the highest antioxidant activity, with an IC 50 value of approximately 24 µg/mL. Date seed coffee, which has a very strong antioxidant activity [32], is linked to its high phenolic content [26,37]. Phenolic compounds preserve fruits against microbial and parasite infections, as well as photo-oxidation.…”