Chemical composition and acaricide activity of an essential oil from a rare chemotype of Cinnamomum verum Presl on Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract

The Essential Oils (EOs) from the leaves of species Cinnamomum verum J. Presl are used in the pharmaceutical industry for their numerous biological activities. Currently, the main compound of C. verum EO is eugenol which has acaricidal activity; however, a rare chemotype with benzyl benzoate as the main component can be found. Benzyl benzoate is recognized as an acaricide; however, studies of the C. verum EOs benzyl benzoate chemotype on Rhipicephalus microplus were not reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricide activity of an EO from a rare chemotype of C. verum, as well as purified benzyl benzoate, against larvae and engorged females of R. microplus resistant to amidines and pyrethroids. The EO was extracted from C. verum leaves and the compounds present were identified using a gas phase chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. Efficacy against R. microplus was assessed by the larval packet and the engorged female immersion tests. A rare chemotype of C. verum was found to produce EOs with benzyl benzoate (65.4%) as the main compound. The C. verum essential oil was 3.3 times more efficient on the R. microplus larvae than was benzyl benzoate. However, no differences were found on the R. microplus engorged females. This is the first report regarding the acaricidal activity of C. verum with chemotype benzyl benzoate, and this compound showed acaricidal activity on R. microplus larvae.

The application of essential oils as a next-generation of pesticides: recent developments and future perspectives

“…The acaricidal effect against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (a thick that parasites multiple livestock species) of EOs obtained from different Ocimum species was studied by Hüe et al [103], the best results being obtained for Ocimum urticaefolium and O. gratissimum originating from Cameroon. The same tick was used by Costa-Júnior et al [104], Monteiro et al [105], and Vinturelle et al [106] to test the acaricidal effect of EOs isolated from Lippia gracilis, Cinnamomum verum Presl, respectively, Piper nigrum, and Citrus limonum (further details presented in Table 3). While Costa-Júnior et al [104] assigned the acaricidal effect of EOs to the monoterpenes present, especially carvacrol and thymol, Vinturelle et al [106] compared the efficiency of two different composition EOs (C. limonum dominated by monoterpenes, respectively, P. nigrum dominated by sesquiterpenes), obtaining superior results for the C. limonum EO, thus suggesting a more potent acaricidal effect related to the presence of monoterpenes.…”

Commercially Available Natural Benzyl Esters and Their Synthetic Analogs Exhibit Different Toxicities against Insect Pests

“…Current research demonstrates that MB analogs also exhibit some degrees of contact toxicity. Among 15 chemicals tested, 10 are natural occurring compounds (MB 18 – 24 , EB 25 , M2MB 26 , M2MOB 27 , nPrB 28 , nBB 29 , nPeB 30 , iBB 31 , nHB 21 – 24 , 26 , BB 21 – 24 , 32 ) (Fig. 1 ), in which MB, EB, nPrB, M2MOB, iBB, and BB have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (21 CFR 172.515) 33 and the European Union (EU Regulation 1334/2008 & 178/2002) 34 for use as flavoring substances and adjuvants.…”

Antimicrobial Effect of Non-polar Compounds Extracted from Medicinal Plants

“…It is an enduring tree, and its basic oil (EO) is utilized as a seasoning and a characteristic sustenance additive, and it is one of the principle items in charge of pharmacological activities. [1]. The cutting edge logical articles give an account of the capacity of cinnamon to be antidiabetic, mitigating, and hostile to contagious, against HIV, improve heart work, expert injury recuperating, and against malignant growth [2].…”

“…It has been for quite some time utilized as a customary drug in the treatment of numerous conditions, for example, bronchitis, ailment, and neuralgia [2]. Cinnamon has been for some time utilized as a customary prescription in the treatment of numerous conditions [1]. One of the restorative plants broadly utilized in pharmacology is thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., Lamiaceae.…”