Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of honey collected from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia on pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to investigate the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of honey from East Nusa Tenggara, produced by Trigona spp., on pathogenic bacteria in fish. The honey used in this research was collected specifically from Semau and Timor Islands while Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio alginoliticus were used as the testing bacteria. The chemical composition tests included moisture content (gravimetric), pH, total sugar (spectrophotometric). The honey was tested for the presence of the following active compounds: alkaloids, flavonoids, tanin, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. Antibacterial activity tests were conducted using “paper disk” method with undiluted honey samples. The moisture content of the Semau honey (33 %) was higher than that of the Timor honey (24.65 %), but the total sugar of the Semau honey ( 6.62 %) was lower than that of the Timor honey (74.22%). All honey from both sources (Semau and Timor) in East Nusa Tenggara contained alkaloids, steroids and terpenoids but did not contain flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Antibacterial tests showed that the honey from both sources, Semau and Timor, showed antibacterial activity against V. Alginoliticus and A. hydrophila; the V. alginolitycus inhibition zone diameters were 8.5 mm and 10.5 mm, respectively, while and the A. hydrophila inhibition zone diameter was 8 mm for both honeys.

Study of Chemical Compounds and Antibacterial Activity of Kefa Forest Honey Stored at Different Times Against the Bacteria Aeromonas Hydropilla and Vibrio Alginolitycus

“…Fisheries Journal, 14 (2), 439-448. http://doi.org/10.29303/jp.v14i2.791 Saloso et al (2024) Forest honey from Kefa, both freshly harvested and stored for 6 months and 1 year, has a high total sugar content, namely around 72.20% -72.60%. The total sugar content of forest honey from Kefa is not much different from the total sugar content of forest honey from Soe, namely 74.37% (Salosso, 2019a) and rock honey from Timor, namely 74.22% (Salosso, 2019c). However, it is higher than natural stone honey, namely only 66.2% (Salosso, 2019c).…”

“…The total sugar content of forest honey from Kefa is not much different from the total sugar content of forest honey from Soe, namely 74.37% (Salosso, 2019a) and rock honey from Timor, namely 74.22% (Salosso, 2019c). However, it is higher than natural stone honey, namely only 66.2% (Salosso, 2019c). Even though all the islands are part of NTT, such as Soe and Kefa, they have slightly different honey sugar content, this can be caused by the differences in the climate of Timor Island and Semau Island which affects the types of plants that grow around the forests where the honey nests.…”

Phyllosphere bacteria with antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm activities against fish pathogenic bacteria

“…Biofilm is one of the abilities possessed by fish pathogenic bacteria to survive in aquaculture systems. However, cells in biofilm became more resistant to antibiotics than planktonic cells [ 3 , 16 ]. In response to bacterial cell population density, communication between bacteria is regulated by quorum sensing, such as mediating gene expression for biofilm formation [ 17 ].…”

“…One of the immense potentials that Indonesia has is the development of the fisheries sector [ 1 ]. However, one of the biggest problems faced in the aquaculture industry in Indonesia is fish infectious diseases, which caused by the several fish pathogenic bacteria, can lead to the failure of fish farming This infectious diseases usually treated with antibiotics [ 2 , 3 ].…”

“…Prolonged use of antibiotics can cause resistance in fish pathogenic bacteria and pose a potential health risk to humans as consumers. The important things are several fish pathogenic bacteria are able to form biofilm matrix to be able to survive in aquaculture systems especially in the condition of environmental pressure [ 3 ]. Matrix of biofilm provides the bacteria a suitable environment andprotect bacteria from antibiotics, antimicobe as well asenvironmental pressure, it will help the bacteria to survive in the aquaculture environment [ 6 ].…”