Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils from the Fresh Leaves of Citrus limonia Osbeck and Citrus latifolia Tanaka (Rutaceae)

Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which affects around two million people worldwide. One major drawback in the treatment of leishmaniasis is the emergence of resistance to current chemotherapeutics. Medicinal and aromatic plants constitute a major source of natural organic compounds. In this study, the leaf essential oil of Cryptocarya aschersoniana was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and the chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The essential oil of these species was predominantly constituted by monoterpene hydrocarbons (48.8%). Limonene (42.3%), linalool (9.7%) and nerolidol (8.6%) were the main constituents in the oil of C. aschersoniana. The in vitro activity of the oil was evaluated against the promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. The essential oil of C. aschersoniana showed high activity against L. amazonensis promastigote forms (IC 50 = 4.46 µg/mL), however, it also demonstrated a relatively high cytotoxicity on mouse peritoneal macrophages (CC 50 = 7.71 µg/mL). This is the first report of the chemical composition and the leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of the leaf essential oil of C. aschersoniana.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Chemical composition and evaluation of antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oil from leaves of Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez. (Lauraceae Juss.)

Andrade

Melo

Alcoba

et al. 2018

“…The chemical composition and biological properties of many essential oils have drawn the interest of researchers who have studied them widely in several areas (Estevam et al 2016). In the literature, previous studies of essential oils from other species of the genus Protium showed similar chemical composition to the one found by this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trypanocidal activity of the essential oil from P. ovatum leaves is described by this paper for the first time. The literature describes that samples with IC 50 < 10 μg.mL -1 had highly active trypanocidal activity, whereas others were active (IC 50 > 10 < 50 μg.mL -1 ), moderately active (IC 50 > 50 < 100 μg.mL -1 ) and inactive (IC 50 > 100 μg.mL -1 ) (Estevam et al 2016). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antiparasitic activity and chemical composition of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves (Burceraceae)

Estevam

Deus

Silva

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis are globally widespread parasitic diseases which have been responsible for high mortality rates. Since drugs available for their treatment are highly hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic, adherence to therapy has been affected. Thus, the search for new, more effective and safer drugs for the treatment of these diseases is necessary. Natural products have stood out as an alternative to searching for new bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential. In this study, the chemical composition and antiparasitic activity of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and the promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis were evaluated. The essential oil was promising against trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi (IC 50 = 28.55 μg.mL -1 ) and L.amazonensis promastigotes (IC 50 = 2.28 μg.mL -1 ). Eighteen chemical constituents were identified by GasChromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in the essential oil, whose major constituents were spathulenol (17.6 %), caryophyllene oxide (16.4 %), β-caryophyllene (14.0 %) and myrcene (8.4 %).In addition, the essential oil from P. ovatum leaves had moderate cytotoxicity against LLCMK 2 adherent epithelial cell at the concentration range under analysis (CC 50 = 150.9 μg.mL -1 ). It should be highlighted that this is the first report of the chemical composition and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and anti-Leishmania amazonensis activities of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves.

“…Species of the genus Citrus have been highlighted because they are rich in essential oils which are very versatile and often used as flavorings in several goods, such as beverages, soaps, cosmetics and household products. Their essential oils have also been frequently used in medical treatments due to their antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial and antiparasitic properties (Estevam et al 2016). Many recent studies that have attempted to determine the chemical composition of essential oils extracted from C. aurantifolia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Citrus aurantifolia leaves and fruit peel against oral pathogenic bacteria

Lemes

Alves

Estevam

et al. 2018

Tooth decay is a major public health problem which affects a large number of people in several countries. Even though more than 700 bacterial species have been detected in the oral cavity, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus stand out as the genera that cause tooth decay and other periodontal diseases. In this study, essential oils from Citrus aurantifolia leaves (CL-EO) and fruit peel (CP-EO) were obtained by hydrodistillation by a Clevenger-type apparatus whereas their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Limonene (77.5 %), linalool (20.1 %), citronellal (14.5 %) and citronellol (14.2 %) were the main constituents found in the essential oils from C. aurantifolia leaves and fruit peel. Antibacterial activity of essential oils was evaluated in terms of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates. Both CL-EO and CP-EO displayed some activity against all oral pathogens under investigation; MIC values ranged from 20 to 200 µg/mL. CL-EO and CP-EO not only had promising activity against Streptococcus mutans (MIC = 20 µg/mL) and Lactobacillus casei (31.25 µg/mL), but also displayed antibacterial activity against all studied cariogenic bacteria. Efficacy of essential oils against S. mutans and L. casei is noteworthy and should be further investigated.