Chemical composition and distribution of tattoo inks within tattoo‐associated keratoacanthoma

Abstract

Carcinogenic risk of tattoo inks remains unclear and their composition are poorly regulated.

Keratoacanthomas and Squamous Cell Carcinomas on Tattoos: A Review of 42 Cases

“…We recently identified the same red azo pigment (Pigment Red 170, P.R. 170) in 3 different cases of KA [15]. In a recent study of the US market of tattoo inks, the most used red pigments are by order of frequency P.R.…”

“…The first author has already published an exhaustive review of 31 patients in 2017 in French [4]. The present review is an update with the addition of the most recent cases [5-13] as well as two cases diagnosed at the “Tattoo consultation” in Bichat – Claude Bernard Hospital, in Paris [14, 15].…”

Multiple Keratoacanthomas after a Recent Tattoo: A Case Report

“…Most of the reported cases of tattoo-associated melanoma and basal cell carcinoma occurred on dark-colored tattoos, while SCC and KA arose primarily within the red pigment [12]. Spectrometry demonstrated the presence of a red azo pigment in 3 patients with KAs arising from red ink [13]. Interestingly, our patient’s KAs arose on both pigments.…”

Raman opportunities in the field of pathological calcifications

“…In the following paragraphs a selection of investigations performed on pathological calcifications developed in breast [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113], kidney , gallbladder [140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149], prostate [150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161], skin [162][163][164][165][166][167][168], testicular microlithiasis [169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176]…”

“…Another health problem regarding skin is related to tattoos. Several investigations through Raman spectroscopy have been performed [168][169][170][171]. Yakes et al [168] have created a spectral library of the pigments for each laser wavelength.…”