Chemical composition, antibiofilm and anticancer effect of different propolis extracts collected from Mila (Algeria)

Abstract

The chemical contents, antibiofilm and anticancer effects of different propolis extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol) collected from Mila (Algeria) were investigated in this study. Chemical analysis showed the presence flavonoids as a major compound. The highest antibiofilm activity was observed at the 200 µg/ml methanol fraction (92%). Florescent microscope images also confirmed antibiofilm effect. Our results showed that the structure of biofilm treated with propolis was degraded and there were no water channels seen in the biofilm structure. In addition, the density of dead cells in the biofilm was also noted with fluorescent staining. According to FTIR analysis, it was found that propolis caused some changes in macromolecules on the cell surface. Cytotoxic activity of propolis (EC50: 97–117 µg/ml) was determined by MTT test. Propolis extracts caused a significant increase in mRNA levels of proteins involved in tumor suppression and apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line and induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis confirmed these results. As a result, it can be said that Algerian propolis has anticancer and antibiofilm effective compounds.