Chemical composition, cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of leaves and berries of <i>Juniperus phoenicea</i> l. Grown in Egypt

Abstract

Hydrodistillation of berries and leaves of Juniperus phoenicea grown in Sinai yielded volatile oils in the yield of 0.36 and 1.96%, respectively. Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique, fifty eight compounds were identified in berry oil representing 99.2% of the oil composition. α-Pinene was the major compound in berry oil (39.30%) followed by sabinene (24.29%). Berry oil composed mainly of monoterpenoids which amounted to 90.53%, of which 72.85% was monoterpene hydrocarbons. The sesquiterpenoids accounted for about 8% of the total oil composition. Leaf oil was composed of about 66 compounds representing 99.16% of the total composition of the oil. α-Pinene was the major constituent of leaf oil at concentration of 38.22%, followed by α -cedrol (31.23%). The monoterpene hydrocarbon was the predominant chemical group (41.29%) followed by the oxygenated sesquiterpenes (32.21%). Both oils showed very high cytotoxic activities against all cell line tested. They showed equal activities against brain (0.6 µg//ml) and cervix (5.0 µg//ml) human cell lines, while berry oil was slightly more active than leaf oil against lung (0.6 and 0.7 µ/ml, respectively), liver (0.7 and 0.9 µg//ml, respectively) and breast human cell lines (0.8 and 1. µg//ml, respectively). The antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of leaf and berry oils were also determined. The oils showed high activity against most of the tested strains.

Investigation of Antiulcer and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Juniperus phoenicea</i> L. (1753) Essential Oil in an Experimental Rat Model

“…G3 (k, l) stomach of rats that were pretreated with EOJp (100 mg/kg); instead of flattening the stomach, no injury could be observed in the gastric mucosa. Algeria, 43) Corsica, 44) Spain, 45) Portugal, 45,46) Greece, 45) Egypt, 47,48) Saudi Arabia 49) and France. 50) In Tunisia, the chemical characterization of essential oils of the aerial part of J. phoenicea from different regions has also been studied.…”

„Azon orvosságok kezdete, melyeket a májra adnak”

“…Az illóolaj hatásosnak bizonyult agy-, tüdő-, máj-, illetve emlőcarci-noma-sejtvonalakon, valószínűleg a monoterpéneknek köszönhetően. A bogyóban található illóolaj-tartalom sokkal gazdagabb monoterpénekben, ezért nagyobb citotoxikus hatással bír májtumor esetén, mint a levélből nyert illóolaj [35]. Állatkísérletek bizonyítják, hogy a Juniperus phoenicea-kivonat, hasonlóan a szentjánoske-nyérhez, hatásos a CCl 4 -dal mérgezett állatok terápiájá-ban [36].…”

Effet de la provenance sur le rendement, la composition chimique et l'activité antimicrobienne des huiles essentielles des rameaux deJuniperus phoeniceaL. du Maroc

“…Ces rendements sont environ deux fois supérieurs que celui d'Aghbar qui n'a pas dépassé 0,48%. Toutefois, ces taux restent plus élevés que ceux de la Grèce (0,21%), de l'Espagne (0,30%), de l'Égypte (0,36%) et du Portugal (0,41%) (Adam, 1996 ;El-Sawi et al, 2007).…”

“…Le profil chimique de l'huile essentielle du genévrier rouge originaire de plusieurs pays a été déjà étudié (Adam, 1996 ;Akrout et al, 2001 ;Bouzouita et al, 2008 ;Cavaleiro et al, 2000 ;El-Sawi et al, 2007 ;Medini et al, 2006 ;Rezzi et al, 2001). La plupart des huiles ont une teneur élevée en α-pinène.…”