Chemical composition effects onto antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of propolis collected from different regions of Turkey

Abstract

Gunduz et al. 2005, Sonmez et al. 2005, S , ahinler and Kaftanoglu, 2005Silici and Kutluca, 2005;Uzel et al., 2005). In this study, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of propolis samples from different regions of Turkey were examined and these effects were investigated depending to the chemical composition of ethanol extract of propolis samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Propolis samples and preparation of alcohol extracts.Eight samples of propolis were collected from Denizli (P1, P5), Denizli-Sarayköy (P2A), AydIn (P2B), Denizli-Bas,karcI (P3), AydIn (P4), Konya (P6) and Tekirdag (P7) cities in spring 2004. Each sample was cut into small pieces after cooling at -20 o C, and extracted with 96% ethanol (1:10 w/v) at 37 o C for 5 days. The ethyl alcohol extracts were then filtered through a Whatman No. 1 filter paper and evaporated to dryness under vacuum. The samples were kept at -20 o C for the sample preparation to examine in GC-MS and antimicrobial activity experiments (Blonska et al. 2004). Characterisation of the chemical compounds in propolis extracts by GC-MS. About 5 mg of propolis dry residual powder was mixed with 75 µl of dry pyridine and 50 µl bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), heated at 80 °C for 20 min and then the final supernatant was analysed by GC-MS. A GC 6890N from Hewlett-Packard (Palo Alto, CA, USA) coupled with mass detector (MS5973, Hewlett-Packard) was used for the analysis of extracted propolis samples.Abstract -Chrysin, apigenin, flavonoids, flavanones, naringenin, ethyl oleate, 3-4-dimethoxy-cinnamic acid and 9-octadecenoic acid were the predominant components of propolis samples collected from different regions of Turkey. The extracts of P3 from Denizli-Bas ,karcI, P5 from Denizli and P7 fromTekirdag had effective antibacterial activities on Gram-negatives. Chrysin, which has antibacterial activity, was found to be high concentration. The extracts of P3, P2B from AydIn and P6 from Konya had much more effective antibacterial activities on Gram-positives. The total antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts added to linoleic acid emulsion. All doses of propolis ethanol extract displayed antioxidant activity.

Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antifungal components from propolis against Penicillium italicum

“…Pterocarpan medicarpin in Brazilian red propolis was a phytoalexin which demonstrated strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans (Fernandes, Lopes, Colombari, Monteiro, & Vieira, 2006). While in Turkey propolis the main antimicrobial compound was chrysin (Mercan et al, 2006) and in Bulgarian propolis galangin was the most active flavonoid against Campylobacter jejuni (Campana et al, 2009). Therefore, the antibacterial compounds in propolis could be qualitatively and quantitatively different with the variation dependent upon the region where it was collected.…”

Chemical Characterization of 64 Propolis Samples from Hakkari, Turkey

“…On the other hand, in 57 of 64 samples, ethyl oleate was determined at considerably high ratios. Similarly, this compound was determined in other propolis samples of Turkey [3,76,77]. Determination of ethyl oleate in different ratios in many propolis samples (57 samples) suggests that this compound may be a marker compound for the Hakkari region or even Turkey propolis.…”

Insight on Propolis from Mediterranean Countries: Chemical Composition, Biological Activities and Application Fields

“…In other countries of Southern European Coast, such as Turkey, chemical composition of propolis has widely investigated by several authors. Quercetin (26), rutin (48), chrysin (2), pinocembrin (3), pinostrobin chalcone (49) and pinobanksin (1) and its derivatives were the most repeated flavonoids found in various simples of propolis from Turkey using different method of analysis such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with a linear ion trap-high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry system (UHPLC-LTQ/orbitrap/MS/MS), [73,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] while Erdogan et al [96] have reported the presence of other flavonoids such as gallocatechin (50), epigallocatechin (51) and myricetin (52) in Anatolian propolis submitted to a pressurized liquid extraction. Other authors did not report the presence of flavonoids in Turkish propolis originating from Hatay, Ankara-Kazan and Mugla-Marmaris, [97 -100] at the same time they declared that terpenes such as αand β-eudesmol, isopimaric acid (42), dehydroabietic acid (53) and abietic acid (54) ( Figure 4) were included in the bioactive compounds of tested propolis samples.…”

“…[8,35,76,80,85,96,99,106,135,149 -155] Furthermore this biological property of Turkish propolis was confirmed through other assay such as heat-induced oxidation of an aqueous emulsion system of β-carotene and linoleic acid assay where the total antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts added to linoleic acid emulsion. [80] Also, a screening method for antioxidant activity used reversed Phase HPTLC-DPPH free radical assay. [89] In general, the antioxidant capacity of different Turkish propolis extracts was assessed to be positively correlated with their total polyphenol content.…”