Chemical composition of autoplast membrane of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum.

Abstract

The chemical composition of bacterial protoplasmic membrane was studied using Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum ATCC 13564. The membrane was prepared from the autoplasts. The purity of prepared membrane was certified by chemical analysis for the existence of diaminopimelic acid due to contaminated cell wall debris and of adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity in its preparation, and also by electron microscopic observation for the existence of contaminated cell wall debris. The membrane composition was made up of lipid (26 %), protein (65 %), carbohydrate (2%) and nucleic acid (2%). The lipid consisted of neutral lipid (26 %), glycolipid (26%) and phospholipid (48 %). The main composition of phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The membrane contained 22 kinds of proteins of different molecular weights.Bacterial protoplasts have frequently been used for the preparation of bacterial protoplasmic membrane. It is said that protoplasts produced autolytically are better for the preparation of protoplasmic membrane by eliminating the contamination of non-cellular supplements used for degradation of cell wall. From the advantages of autolytically produced protoplasts, JOSEPH and SHOCKMAN (1) called them "autoplasts," distinguishable from the protoplasts produced by using exogenous lytic enzymes or antibiotics.Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum (ATCC 13564), previously used for acetone-butanol production, autolyses specifically in the presence of sucrose in hypertonic concentration (0.3 -0.5 M) (2, 3). The autolysis, i. e., sucrose-induced autolysis, is useful for the preparation of the protoplasts (autoplasts), the biological and physiological properties of which were investigated (3). We would like to determine composition of membrane prepared from the clostridial autoplasts, because that of clostridia, especially solvent-producing clostridia, is little known. 293

Changes in Membrane Lipid Composition of Clostridium acetobutylicum during Acetone-Butanol Fermentation: Effects of Solvents, Growth Temperature and pH

“…Ogata et al (1982), working on C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum, also separated on TLC an unknown phospholipid in conditions quite similar to ours. Johnston & Goldfine (1 983) identified in C. acetobutylicum an unusual phospholipid, previously identified in C. butyricum (Matsumoto et al, 1971), as the glycerol acetal of ethanolamine plasmalogen.…”

“…Few studies have been made on the lipid composition of C. acetobutylicum (Johnston & Goldfine, 1983 ;Vollherbst-Schneck et al, 1984), but more detailed investigations have been made of closely related species such as Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum (Ogata et al, 1982) and Clostridium butyricum (Goldfine & Bloch, 1961 ;Baumann et al, 1965;Khuller & Goldfine, 1974;Johnston & Goldfine, 1983;Koga & Goldfine, 1984). Johnston & Goldfine (1983) reported for C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 the same fatty acids and alk-1-enyl chains as we observed with strain 903, except that the 18 : 2 acid was not found.…”

Production of acetone, butanol and ethanol from palm oil waste by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4

“…saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 requires a low concentration of undissociated butyric acid to trigger solventogenesis and it is capable of producing high concentrations of both butanol and acetone. Moreover, it is some what resistant to product inhibition (Ogata et al, 1982).…”

Degeneration of SolventogenicClostridiumCaused by a Defect in NADH Generation

“…Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum NI-4 ATCC!3564 14 ) and its degenerated strain DGN32 were used throughout the work. NI-4 was purely reisolated as a single spore by a micromanipulator.…”