Chemical Composition of by-Products of Coniferous Raw Materials Processing

Abstract

Development of natural biological products – an actual problem of rational and economical use of wood bioresources with which Russia is rich. The coniferous raw material is a source of biologically active extractive compounds possessing immunostimulating, fungicidal, bactericidal activity.
 Company «Ecovit» makes food and cosmetic production from Pinus Silvestris L., Abies sibirica and Pinus sibirica R. Maur wood greenery. This paper presents results of research of a chemical composition of the by-products formed in coniferous essential oils processing: residue after distillation and florentine water. The extraction of these products is carried out by petroleum ether, diethyl ether, ethyl-acetate consistently and quantitative maintenance of extractive compounds is certain. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of macro- and micro-elements in investigated samples is lead.
 Chemical structure of extractive compounds is characterized with use of physicochemical meth-ods. In residue after distillation of Abies and Pinus wood greenery carotenoids, natural phenolic com-pounds, carboxylic acids are identified. Ethanol extracts of the fulfilled pine and cedar raw material contain sesqui- and diterpenes, polyprenols, carotenoids, fat acids and phenolic compounds. In Abies ethanol extracts maltol and triterpenoids are identified. The basic components of pine florentine water are monoterpenoids.
 The received results cause practical application of by-products of coniferous raw material processing for obtaining of biologically active additives, preparations for agriculture, pharmacology, perfumer-cosmetic production.