Chemical composition of the essential oils from the gum and from various parts of Pistacia lentiscus l. (mastic gum tree)

Abstract

The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by extraction of mastic gum and by hydrodistillation from leaves, and unripe and ripe fruits of Pistacia lentiscus L. was studied. Up to 250 constituents were detected in the oils. From these components, about 90 could be identified and quantified, comprising over 95% of the oils. The gum oil contained 90% monoterpene hydrocarbons, and the leaf oil 50% monoterpene hydrocarbons, 20% oxygen-containing monoterpenes and 25% sesquiterpenes, whereas the fruit oils consisted of 90-96% monoterpene hydrocarbons and 2-3% sesquiterpenes. The main constituents of the gum oil were: 79% a-pinene and 3% P-myrcene; of the leaf oil:ll% a-pinene and 19% 8-myrcene; of the unripe-fruit oil: 22% a-pinene and 54% 8-myrcene, and of the ripe-fruit oil: 11% a-pinene and 72% P-myrcene. a-Terpineol and terpinen-4-01 (together 15%) were the dominant monoterpene alcohols in the leaf oil. Undecan-2-one (0.1-0.6%) seems to be an olfactively important constituent of the oils. Dimyrcene (four isomers) occurred (054.4%) in all the oils.

Evaluation of the volatile and chiral composition in Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil

“…The probable degradative effects of the SDE process generated high quantities of oxygenated monoterpenes as well as oxygenated aliphatic compounds, such as (2E)-hexenal, 2-nonanone and 2-undecanone. In particular, 2-undecanone, according to previous studies, plays an important role in the olfactory quality of P. lentiscus oil 10 . The SDE volatile extracts also showed a quantitative pro¼le different from the HD oil for some non-oxygenated compounds, such as α-thujene, α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, limonene and myrcene; the latter is important to the perfumery industry as an intermediate to the preparation of numerous oxygenated terpenes.…”

“…Some diterpene hydrocarbons, identi¼ed as isomers of dimyrcene and derived from the heating of myrcene, were detected; the literature reported the same compounds detected only as traces in hydrodistilled oils. 10 …”

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Pistacia lentiscus L. from Morocco—a seasonal variation

“…Many authors [15][16][17] have studied the chemical composition of P. lentiscus oil. Our results are comparable with 18 studied the essential oil of 17 samples of P. lentiscus from France.…”

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> L. Essential Oil from Oran (Algeria)

“…Myrcene (39.2%), which is the major compounds of our essential oil, has also the abundant compound in the samples from Morocco (38%) [4], France (76.9%) [6], Spain (27%) [7], Italy (25.2%) [8] and Algeria (23.0% -33.1%) [9].…”