Chemical Constituents and Antifungal Activity of Ficus hirta Vahl. Fruits

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of Ficus hirta Vahl. (Moraceae) fruits led to isolate two carboline alkaloids (1 and 2), five sesquiterpenoids/norsesquiterpenoids (3–7), three flavonoids (8–10), and one phenylpropane-1,2-diol (11). Their structures were elucidated by the analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS data. All of the isolates were isolated from this species for the first time, while compounds 2, 4–6, and 8–11 were firstly reported from the genus Ficus. Antifungal assay revealed that compound 8 (namely pinocembrin-7-O-β-d-glucoside), a major flavonoid compound present in the ethanol extract of F. hirta fruits, showed good antifungal activity against Penicillium italicum, the phytopathogen of citrus blue mold caused the majority rotten of citrus fruits.

Antioxidant, Antifungal Activities of Ethnobotanical Ficus hirta Vahl. and Analysis of Main Constituents by HPLC-MS

“…, and eriodictyol-7-O-β-d-glucoside were isolated and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), as previously described [8,11].…”

“…Certain studies regarding the chemical composition and pharmacological activities of F. hirta Vahl. reported that benzene derivatives, phenolics, and glycosides of flavonoid are majorly present in this plant [2,5,11,12]. Recently, three new monosubstituted benzene derivatives elucidated as (2R) methyl 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2-phenyl acetate, (2S) 2-O-benzoyl-butanedioic acid-4-methyl ester, and 4-O-benzoyl-quinic acid were initially isolated from the ethanolic extracts of HFF by our group members [8], and one new compound depicted a potent antifungal effect against Penicillium italicum isolated from citrus fruits.…”

“…Recently, three new monosubstituted benzene derivatives elucidated as (2R) methyl 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2-phenyl acetate, (2S) 2-O-benzoyl-butanedioic acid-4-methyl ester, and 4-O-benzoyl-quinic acid were initially isolated from the ethanolic extracts of HFF by our group members [8], and one new compound depicted a potent antifungal effect against Penicillium italicum isolated from citrus fruits. Continuing this research, our group members further isolated another three glycosides of flavonone, and pinocembrin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (PCBG) was said to be a major flavonoid in HFF and showed a prominent in vitro antifungal activity against P. italicum and P. digitatum [11,13]. The antifungal mechanism revealed by metabolomics showed that amino acids, lipids, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ribonucleic acids all participated in the antifungal process [13].…”

UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Approach Reveals the Antifungal Potential of Pinocembroside against Citrus Green Mold Phytopathogen

“…PiCB (CAS-No. 75829-43-5, Figure 1) was isolated and purified from air-dried powder of hairy fig fruits (HFF) [14] by extraction applying an ultrasonic-associated method with 95% ethanol at reflux in the Jiangxi key laboratory for postharvest technology and nondestructive testing of fruits and vegetables at Jiangxi Agricultural University (Nanchang, China). The ethanol solution was evaporated under reduced pressure at 45 • C to recover the ethanol solvent.…”

Chitosan-Based Coating Enriched with Hairy Fig (Ficus hirta Vahl.) Fruit Extract for “Newhall” Navel Orange Preservation

“…Moreover, the fruits of hairy fig are a famous herb used by Hakka people in Chinese folk medicine for inhibiting tumor growth, promoting lactation, as anticoagulant, and for improving fatigue resistance [18,19]. Currently, our previous research demonstrated that HFE has strong antifungal activity against P. italicum and P. digitatum in vitro conditions [20,21]. Not surprisingly, chitosan coating enriched with HFE provided an enhanced antifungal activity, and it is likely that research will broaden the practicability of the botanical fungicide.…”