Chemical Constituents, Antioxidative and Antibacterial Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms Collected from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India

Abstract

Medicinal mushrooms viz. Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lipsiense, Ganoderma chalceum and Ganoderma tsugae are important forest products of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial potential of these mushrooms. The chemical constituents were determined in terms of macronutrients, micronutrients and phenolic contents. The macronutrient content of these mushrooms revealed high amounts of protein (17.10-20.50/100 g), carbohydrate (41.80-59.16/100 g) and low fats (1.2-3.0/100 g) and possessed good quantities micronutrients (vitamins, carotenoids). Mushrooms showed strong antioxidant properties due to the presence of high phenol (27.40-220.41 mg catechol/g extract) and flavonoid (3.42-171.44 mg quercetin/g extract) content. All these mushrooms possess moderate antibacterial properties with zone of inhibition ranging from 11.76 to 18.83 mm against five human pathogenic bacteria. Based on their rich bioactive compounds (vitamins and phenolics), antioxidant and antibacterial activity, they might be exploited by pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

Antibacterial activity of the Agaricus pampeanus (Agaricaceae) ethanol extract against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

“…The antibacterial activity of A. pampeanus was demonstrated from its ethanolic extract. This activity occurs in other species of the genus Agaricus throughout the world and provides an additional value other than the nutritional one (Barros et al, 2008;Gamboa-Trujillo et al, 2014;Öztürk et al, 2011;Singdevsachan et al, 2017). The antibacterial activity on strains of E. faecalis, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa is important since there are species of the same genus to which a similar inhibitory effect against other strains has been attributed; this has been previously demonstrated when extracts of A. bisporus are used against Bacillus subtilis, A. silvicolae-similis against B. cereus, B. subtilis and S. aureus (Barros et al, 2008).…”

“…Thus, institutions and researchers are oriented to find new sources of active compounds (Fernández et al, 2003). The antibacterial property is attributed to synthetic or natural compounds, products of the metabolism of plants and fungi (Nascimento, Locatelli, Freitas, and Silva, 2000;Singdevsachan, Patra, Tayung, and Thatoi, 2017).…”

“…Among the diversity of living organisms, fungi are an essential source of bioactive compounds with antibacterial characteristics (Singdevsachan et al, 2017). In fact, the extraction and analysis of compounds present in these organisms is currently essential (Castillo-Machalskis, D'Armas, Malaver, and Núñez, 2007).…”

“…In Ecuador, the use of fungi in traditional medicine has been recorded, and this ethnomycological use is only surpassed by its employment in food (Gamboa-Trujillo et al, 2014;Singdevsachan et al, 2017). Agaricus pampeanus Speg 1880 known as "Kallamba de finados" is used in local communities; however, there are no recorded studies about its medicinal properties (Gamboa-Trujillo et al, 2014).…”

Liposoluble compounds from Ganoderma lipsiense grown on solid red rice medium with antiparasitic and antibacterial properties

“…Fungi are microorganisms rich in biologically active constituents [1]. As such, Ganoderma is a mushroom traditionally consumed in oriental medicine and it is estimated that there are more than 250 Ganoderma species with unique and characteristic biological properties around the world [2]. So far, few studies in the literature have investigated the compounds produced by Ganoderma lipsiense (Batsch) G. F. Atk [3].…”