Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils Extracted from the Leaves and Flowers of Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. (Rutaceae)

Abstract

Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. (Rutaceae), a plant grown in midwestern Brazil, has been used for treating rheumatism, infection and abdominal pain. This research aims to investigate chemical constituents of essential oils from S. odoratissima A. St. Hil. leaves and flowers. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results of the essential oil from S. odoratissima A. St. Hil. leaves showed that it has 28 volatile compounds which represent 93.8% of the oil. Its major compounds were -caryophyllene (23.8%), bicyclogermacrene (10.8%), δ-cadinene (7.1%), germacrene D (5.9%), -copaene (5.5%) and -elemene (5.3%). Results of the essential oil from S. odoratissima A. St. Hil. flowers showed that it has 29 volatile compounds which represent 94.4% of the oil. Its main constituents were -caryophyllene (14.1%), spathulenol (8.1%), cadinene (7.2%), α-cadinol (6.6%), -copaene (6.4%), τ-muurolol (6.3%), δ-cadinene (5.8%), -elemene (5.4%) and alloaromadendrene (5.2%). In this research, chemical constituents of the essential oil from S. odoratissima A. St. Hil. flowers were investigated for the first time.

Bioactivities of essential oils from different parts of Spiranthera odoratissima (Rutaceae)

“…The three major components identified in EOs from leaves were β-caryophyllene (23.8%), bicyclogermacrene (10.8%) and δ-cadinene (7.1%), while the ones found in EOs from flowers were β-caryophyllene (14.1%), spathulenol (8.1%) and γ-cadinene (7.2%). Complete data on the chemical composition of EOs may be found in a paper that has just been published by the research group that is composed of the authors of this study (Cabral et al 2019).…”

“…Fresh leaves and flowers were submitted to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus for 3 h (Cabral et al 2019). To this end, 900 g plant material was divided into three 300-g samples and 1,000 mL distilled water was added to each sample.…”

“…Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were performed by Shimadzu QP2010 Plus and GCMS2010 Plus (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) systems. GC-MS and GC-FID conditions and the identification of chemical constituents of EOs were carried out in agreement with the methodology proposed by Cabral et al (2019).…”

“…Considering the medicinal potential of S. odoratissima, besides the chemical and biological importance of EOs from plants that belong to the family Rutaceae (Liaqat et al 2018), and the interest in deepening studies of EOs from S. odoratissima leaves and flowers that have been carried out by our research group (Cabral et al 2019), this paper describes, for the first time, in vitro antitubercular, antileishmanial and antiproliferative activities of EOs extracted from S. odoratissima leaves and flowers.…”

In vitro antimicrobial activity of Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. essential oils against foodborne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, the antibacterial activity of EOs from S. odoratissima flowers has not been documented yet. In order to continue studies of EOs from S. odoratissima (Cabral et al, 2019), this research aimed at carrying out a pioneer investigation into the in vitro antimicrobial activity of EOs from S. odoratissima leaves and flowers ( Figure 1) against the following foodborne and spoilage bacteria: Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”