Chemical control of fire blight.

Psallidas, P. G.; Tsiantos, J.

doi:10.1079/9780851992945.0199

Cited by 64 publications

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“…The causative agent Erwinia amylovora is often transmitted by insects (Hildebrand et al, 2000), especially by bees when visiting flowers. To control fire blight, streptomycin and other antibiotics have been applied successfully (Psallidas & Tsiantos, 2000); however their use has been restricted in many countries. Bacteriophages have been used for identification of plant-associated bacteria, to determine capsulation of Erw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of bacteriophage ϕEa1h lysozyme in Escherichia coli and its activity in growth inhibition of Erwinia amylovora

2004

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A 3·3 kb fragment from Erwinia amylovora phage ϕEa1h in plasmid pJH94 was previously characterized and found to contain an exopolysaccharide depolymerase (dpo) gene and two additional ORFs encoding 178 and 119 amino acids. ORF178 (lyz) and ORF119 (hol) were found to overlap by 19 bp and they resembled genes encoding lysozymes and holins. In nucleotide sequence alignments, lyz had structurally conserved regions with residues important for lysozyme function. The lyz gene was cloned into an expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. Active lysozyme was detected only when E. coli cells with the lyz gene and a kanamycin-resistance cassette were grown in the presence of kanamycin. Growth of Erw. amylovora was inhibited after addition of enzyme exceeding a threshold for lysozyme to target cells. When immature pears were soaked in lysates of induced cells, symptoms such as ooze formation and necrosis were retarded or inhibited after inoculation with Erw. amylovora.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of bacteriophage ϕEa1h lysozyme in Escherichia coli and its activity in growth inhibition of Erwinia amylovora

2004

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“…The curative effect of streptomycin may be due to the fact that the pathogen requires several days to become established on the plant and/or it has limited systemic activity (Psallidas & Tsiantos 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important chemicals for controlling fire blight caused by E. amylovora on pome fruit trees are copper compounds and antibiotics (Psallidas & Tsiantos 2000). However, russeting of fruits often results from copper treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of application time for chemical control of fire blight disease in pear varieties

MADEN¹

2010

Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

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Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a serious disease of pear, apple, and other plants of the Rosaceae family. In this study, from the point of view of continuousness of protection of fire blight disease and shoot growth in growing season, application times and effectiveness of host resistance inducers, harpin protein, benzothiadiazole, prohexadione-Ca as alternatives to conventional products, streptomycin, copper and maneb+copper were evaluated on susceptible pear varieties in greenhouse and field conditions. Type 1 and Type 2 applications for prevention of the disease and Type 3 and Type 4 applications for evaluation of shoot growth were performed. Type 2 application of harpin protein gave remarkable effectiveness on prevention of the disease about 49% and 65% in greenhouse and field, respectively. After Type 1 and 2 applications by prohexadione-Ca and benzothiadiazole, disease severity significantly decreased comparing to applications of copper and maneb+copper and, controls. Only prohexadione-Ca applications significantly reduced shoot lengths and plants were highly affected by the application Type 4 of this chemical. According to findings, applications of Type 2 provided better results than Type 1 on all of pear varieties in greenhouse and field conditions and use of resistance inducing substances during the production season is proposed in managing of shoot blight phase of fire blight disease. 151uygulaması hastalığın önlenmesinde sırasıyla sera ve arazide %49 ve %65 oranlarında dikkate değer etkililik vermiştir. Prohexadione-Ca ve benzothiadiazole ile Tip 1 ve Tip 2 uygulamalarından sonra, hastalık şiddeti bakır, maneb+bakır uygulamalarına ve kontrollere kıyasla önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Sürgün uzunluklarını sadece prohexadione-Ca uygulamaları önemli olarak azaltmış ve bitkiler, bu kimyasalın Tip 4 uygulamasından büyük ölçüde etkilenmişlerdir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, tüm armut çeşitlerinde, sera ve arazi koşullarında Tip 2 uygulamaları, Tip 1'den daha iyi sonuçlar sağlamıştır ve ateş yanıklığı hastalığının sürgün yanıklığı evresi kontrolünde, dayanıklılığı teşvik eden kimyasalların kullanımı önerilmektedir.

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“…Economic importance of fire blight is likely to increase in the future, primarily because the problem of E. amylovora control has not yet been adequately solved. The importance of integrated control management, including the selection of resistant genotypes, mechanical and chemical measures, is emphasized in literature, as well as the use of biological agents (van der Zwet & Beer, 1999;Steiner, 2000;Psallidas & Tsiantos, 2000;Turechek, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Erwinia amylovora in Montenegro

et al. 2015

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SUMMARYRecent studies of Erwinia amylovora in Montenegro, conducted from 2012 to 2014, indicated that the bacterium was widespread in the northern, continental part of the country, where the most important fruit-growing regions are situated. The presence of the bacterium was confirmed on quince, pear, apple, medlar and hawthorn. Pathogenic, cultural and biochemical characteristics of E. amylovora strains sampled from pome fruit species and indigenous flora in Montenegro had been studied previously.In the present study, serological tests were used for identification of E. amylovora strains originating from pome fruit trees and indigenous plants. Monitoring of E. amylovora and collection of samples with symptoms of bacterial fire blight from different hosts and locations were performed in Montenegro from 2012 to 2014. Isolation of the bacterium on nutrient medium produced a large number of isolates, whose pathogenicity was confirmed on immature pear fruits. Twenty-seven strains of the bacterium, originating from three pome fruit species (quince, pear and apple) and one indigenous species (hawthorn) were selected for serological analyses. Two applied serological methods, ELISA and IF test, enabled rapid detection of the bacterium and simultaneous examination of a large number of samples over a short period of time. Serological analyses showed high homogeneity in antigenic structure of the studied E. amylovora strains sampled from quince, pear, apple and hawthorn from nine locations in Montenegro.

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Chemical control of fire blight.

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Expression of bacteriophage ϕEa1h lysozyme in Escherichia coli and its activity in growth inhibition of Erwinia amylovora

Expression of bacteriophage ϕEa1h lysozyme in Escherichia coli and its activity in growth inhibition of Erwinia amylovora

Determination of application time for chemical control of fire blight disease in pear varieties

Monitoring of Erwinia amylovora in Montenegro

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