Chemical control of maize grey leaf spot

In the current review we wish to draw attention to an additional aspect of invasive species and climate change, that of agricultural productivity and food security. We recognize that at present, such a review remains, in part, speculative, and more illustrative than definitive. However, recent events on the global stage, particularly in regard to the number of food riots that occurred during 2008, even at a time of record harvests, have prompted additional interest in those factors, including invasive species, which could, through climatic uncertainty, alter food production. To that end, as agricultural scientists, we wish to begin an initial evaluation of key questions related to food production and climate change including: how vulnerable is agriculture to invasive species?; are current pest management strategies sufficient to control invasive outbreaks in the future?; what are the knowledge gaps?; can we provide initial recommendations for scientists, land managers and policy makers in regard to available resources? Our overall goals are to begin a synthesis of potential impacts on productivity, to identify seminal research areas that can be addressed in

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“…Yield losses in infected fields can vary substantially (e.g. Table 1, Ward et al 1999) but are usually considered significant (Ward et al 1997).…”

Section: Invasive Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

et al. 2010

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“…in barley varieties has been compromised by insufficient crop rotation (Hartman, 2012), which results in the rapid evolution of pathogenic strains capable of infecting these resistant barley varieties (Tekauz, 1991;Turkington et al, 2011;Xi, Turkington, Helm, Briggs, & Tewari, 2003). Fungal infection of small grain cereals has been reported to reduce grain yield and starch content and thereby overall forage quality (Ward, Laing, & Norwell, 1997). Relative to untreated silage, Haerr, Lopes, Pereira, Fellows, and Cardoso (2015) reported a numerical decrease in acid (ADF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content and an increase in starch content for maize silage sprayed with foliar fungicide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of field fungal contamination of barley on ensiling properties, nutritional quality and the microbiome of barley silage

Nair

Turkington

Blackshaw

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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Barley varieties of differing fungal disease resistance were grown in triplicate plots at Lacombe and Lethbridge, Alberta with the disease resistant variety (FR) sprayed with a foliar fungicide to maximize differences in field fungal disease. Both varieties were harvested at soft dough and ensiled in minisilos to assess differences in fungal contamination on ensiling properties, nutritional quality, aerobic stability and associated bacterial and fungal microbiomes. Data were analysed as repeated measures with the effect of treatment × time (duration of ensiling or aerobic exposure) included in the model. The percentage leaf area diseased by net form net blotch was higher (p < 0.05) in the untreated barley cv. Sundre (UN, 59.1% leaf area affected at Lacombe and 25.2% at Lethbridge) than in the FR barley cv. Chigwell (0.7% leaf area affected at Lacombe and 0.1% at Lethbridge). Fungal resistant barley had a lower (p < 0.01) acid and neutral detergent fibre content. Relative abundance of Xanthomonadales was higher (p = 0.02) for FR than UN, while Lactobacillales dominated the bacterial microbiome after 60 day of ensiling in both silages. Bacillales dominated both FR and UN after 21 day of aerobic exposure. Fungal resistant fresh barley forage had a tendency (p = 0.10) for a greater relative abundance of Pleosporales, while UN had higher (p < 0.01) Hypocreales. Mould counts were lower (p = 0.01) for FR than UN after 7 day of ensiling. Fungal resistant barley had minimal influence on the fungal community that contributed to the aerobic deterioration of barley silage.

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“…La combinación de dos grupos de fungicidas con diferente modo de acción no solamente otorga un buen control de la enfermedad y un mayor periodo de protección al cultivo, sino también disminuye el riesgo de la aparición de resistencia del hongo a estos productos (Ward et al, 1997), problema que se ha planteado para el caso de Benomyl usado contra C. nicotianae en el cultivo de tabaco (APS, 1991), C. arachidicola en maní (Rao et al, 1993) y con C. zea-maydis, en maíz (Ward et al, 1997).…”

Section: Efecto Del Control Químicounclassified

EXPERIENCIAS PARA EL MANEJO INTEGRADO DE CERCOSPORA NICOTIANAE ELLIS & EVERH EN TABACO NEGRO, LOCALIDAD DE JUAN GUERRA. TARAPOTO. PERÚ

Otiniano

Vera

Blas

et al. 2008

Idesia

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rEsumEn En la localidad de Juan Guerra (Tarapoto, Perú) se realizaron diversos estudios que permitieran diseñar en el futuro un programa de manejo integrado de la "Cercosporiosis" causada por Cercospora nicotianae en tabaco negro para puros (habanos). Se determinó que la severidad y la incidencia de la enfermedad están altamente correlacionadas. La severidad aumentó con la edad de la planta de tabaco y de las dos variedades evaluadas la HN2 fue la que presentó la menor severidad. La "Cercosporiosis" fue más importante en la época lluviosa, época en la que se registró la mayor severidad. También se encontró que la densidad de plantación no afectó significativamente la severidad de la enfermedad y tampoco hubo efecto significativo de los niveles de fertilización mineral estudiados. La severidad fue significativamente menor cuando el control de brotes axilares se realizó manualmente y la aplicación de fungicidas controló significativamente la enfermedad. Los mejores resultados estuvieron asociados con la mezcla de fungicidas de contacto y sistémicos.palabras clave: Densidad, fertilización, control químico, escala, modelos regresión.abstraCt It was determined that the severity and the incidence of the disease are highly correlated. The severity, increased with the age of the tobacco plant. When comparing the two evaluated varieties the HN2 was the one that showed the less severity. The "Cercosporiosis" was more important in the rainy season in which the greatest severity was recorded. It was also found that the plantation density didn't affect significantly the severity of the disease. Neither there was a significant effect of the mineral fertilization levels under study. The severity was significantly smaller when the control of growth of axillary buds was carried out manually and the application of fungicides controlled the disease significantly. The best results were associated with the mixture of contact and systemic fungicides.

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Chemical control of maize grey leaf spot

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

Impact of field fungal contamination of barley on ensiling properties, nutritional quality and the microbiome of barley silage

EXPERIENCIAS PARA EL MANEJO INTEGRADO DE CERCOSPORA NICOTIANAE ELLIS & EVERH EN TABACO NEGRO, LOCALIDAD DE JUAN GUERRA. TARAPOTO. PERÚ

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