Chemical Dealloying Derived 3D Porous Current Collector for Li Metal Anodes

Abstract

A 3D porous Cu current collector is fabricated through chemical dealloying from a commerial Cu-Zn alloy tape. The interlinked porous framework naturally integrated can accommodate Li deposition, suppressing dendrite growth and alleviating the huge volume change during cycling. The Li metal anode combined with such a porous Cu collector demonstrates excellent performance and commerial potentials in Li-based secondary batteries.

Advanced Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium Metal Anodes

“…a) The structural changes in a conventional planar current collector and in 3D porous current collector built by dealloying. Reproduced with permission 59. b) The illustration of routine lithium dendrite formation on the plate lithium metal and lithium deposits on nanostructured anode with metallic lithium contained in fibrous Li 7 B 6 matrix.…”

Functional metal–organic framework boosting lithium metal anode performance via chemical interactions

“…2c). The performance is among the best reported for Li|Cu cells working under equivalent conditions with other protecting strategies like 3D porous Cu, 49 interconnected hollow carbon nanospheres, 37 polymer films, 50 polymer fibers 51,52 and a Cu nanowire membrane, 53 most of which maintain high CE for 100–150 cycles at 1 mA cm –2 (Table S1†). At higher current densities of 1.5 and 3 mA cm –2 , the cell with the NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti)-coated separator can be cycled at high efficiency for ∼150 and 60 cycles, respectively (Fig.…”

Structural Design of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: From Fundamental Research to Practical Application

“…In this regard, lithium is therefore expected to nucleate and grow on the submicron Cu fibers with nanosized lumps, fill the pores of the 3D current collector, and eventually form a relatively smooth Li surface. With similar strategies but more scalable and feasible methods, Yang's group and Kim's group proposed alterative designs [328,329]. In Yang's work, a 3D porous Cu current was obtained by simply dealloying Zn-Cu alloy tape in an acid solution, which has been demonstrated to show a high Coulombic efficiency of 97% for 250 cycles at 0.5 mA cm −2 and for more than 140 cycles at 1.0 mA cm −2 with significantly reduced polarization [328].…”

“…With similar strategies but more scalable and feasible methods, Yang's group and Kim's group proposed alterative designs [328,329]. In Yang's work, a 3D porous Cu current was obtained by simply dealloying Zn-Cu alloy tape in an acid solution, which has been demonstrated to show a high Coulombic efficiency of 97% for 250 cycles at 0.5 mA cm −2 and for more than 140 cycles at 1.0 mA cm −2 with significantly reduced polarization [328]. Kim et al [329] directly used commercial stainless-steel fiber felt as the 3D current collector and showed a 75% Coulombic efficiency retention after 90 cycles, while the Coulombic efficiency retention of planar Cu foil is only 30% after 80 cycles (Current density 1 mA cm −2 , capacity 1 mA h cm −2 ).…”