Chemical Diversity in the Essential Oil of Indian Valerian (Valeriana jatamansiJones)

Abstract

To explore the diversity in the essential oil yield and composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones (syn. V. wallichii DC) growing wild in Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya), 17 populations were collected from different locations and grown under similar conditions. Comparative results showed considerable variations in the essential oil yield and composition. The essential oil yield varied from 0.21 to 0.46% in the fresh roots and rhizomes of different populations of V. jatamansi. Analysis of the essential oils by GC (RI) and GC/MS and the subsequent classification by principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in six clusters with significant variations in their terpenoid composition. Major components in the essential oils of the different populations were patchouli alcohol (1; 13.4-66.7%), α-bulnesene (3; <0.05-23.5%), α-guaiene (4; 0.2-13.3%), guaiol (5; <0.05-12.2%), seychellene (6; 0.2-9.9%) viridiflorol (<0.05-7.3%), and β-gurjunene (7; 0.0-7.1%). V. jatamansi populations with contents of 1 higher than 60% may be utilized commercially in perfumery.

Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity in Valeriana jatamansi Jones: influence of seasons and growing sources

“…Similar values of patchouli alcohol, guaiene epoxide, α-guaiene, β -patchoulene, and seychellene were also present at comparable amount in this study. Also, variation in essential oil composition has been reported in seventeen populations collected from Uttarakhand region of western Himalaya (13). The composition of the essential oil isolated from roots and rhizomes of V. jatamansi varied considerably depending on the origin of the plant material.…”

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopic (GC-MS) analysis identified thirty compounds in different essential oil Patchouli alcohol is one amongst the major constituent utilized commercially in perfumery industry (13) and designated as an important marker compound for chemotaxonomy of Valeriana genus (V. officinalis and V. celtica). It is a major compound of Pogostemon cablin consisting up to ca.…”

“…The whole plant is used as a hypnotic and in the treatment of spastic disorder (5,6), anxiety and depression either alone or in combination with other herbs (7,8). Variation in essential oil composition of V. jatamansi has been reported from different part of India (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15); however, studies on impact of different cultivation/growing conditions on antioxidant activity of wild and cultivated conditions are poorly known. The reports indicated the variation in essential oil composition of V. jatamansi obtained from roots and aerial part (11,16).…”

Himalayan Aromatic Medicinal Plants: A Review of their Ethnopharmacology, Volatile Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities

“…(a) a maaliol-rich (~ 40%–60%) chemotype [287,288], (b) a patchouli alcohol-rich (> 40%) chemotype [288,289,290,291], (c) a patchouli alcohol/α-bulnesene chemotype [289,291], (d) a patchouli alcohol/viridiflorol chemotype [290], (e) a seychellene-rich chemotype [288], and (f) a kanokonyl acetate chemotype [292]. The root oil of V. himalayana from Talle valley of Arunachal Pradesh was mainly composed of methyl linoleate, valeracetate, bornyl acetate, and cuparene [279].…”

Geographical and Environmental Variation in Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties inRoscoea proceraWall

“…NJ cluster analysis based on different phytochemicals attributes and antioxidant activity showed two major clusters forming 2 chemotypes of all populations (Fig. Earlier chemotyping based on essential oil composition has been performed in many medicinal plants such as Valeriana jatamansi, and so forth (Verma et al 2011;Singh et al 2013). The NJ cluster analysis is generally used for the creation of phenograms, but it can also be used for the identification of best methods from a set of multiple procedures involving multiple variables (Saitou and Nei 1987).…”