Chemical Engineering Analysis of Immobilized-Cell Systems

Venκatasubramanian, Κ.; Karkare, Subhash B.; Vieth, W. R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-041104-7.50013-0

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Plugging of void spaces and associated problems due to channelling have been reported in only a small proportion (e.g. Sitton and Gaddy 1980;Gencer and Mutharasan 1981) of the many studies dealing with immobilised whole cell reactors, although the effect might be expected to be of common occurrence (Venkatsubramanian et al 1983;Tramper 1985). Unless visually observed and reported upon the effect may go undected during fermentations of short duration, particularly when the reactor is operated below capacity and the ethanol concentration at the outlet is used as the sole index of fermenter performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Continuous ethanol production in an immobilized whole cell fermenter using untreated sugar cane bagasse as carrier

Cheung

Gishen

Ghosh³

et al. 1986

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Summary. S a c c h a r o m y c e s cerevisiae was immobil-ised by adsorption to untreated sugar cane bagasse in a p a c k e d bed reactor. Complete conversion of glucose to ethanol was obtained at a dilution rate o f 0.19 h-1. Continuous ethanol production was maintained for up to 57 days. Reactor productivity increased with increasing packing density of the bagasse. Plugging of void spaces due to cell overgrowth led to channelling of the feed and decreased reactor productivity. Increasing the average column temperature alleviated plugging and restored column performance over a short period; however prolonged exposure to the high temperature resulted in decreased ethanol p r o d u c t i o n rates. Bagasse has advantages as a support material for ethanol p r o d u c t i o n from sugar cane or beet, including negligible cost, ready availability and the capacity to support a high yeast population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Continuous ethanol production in an immobilized whole cell fermenter using untreated sugar cane bagasse as carrier

Cheung

Gishen

Ghosh³

et al. 1986

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…The advantages of packed beds include simplicity of operation and reasonably high mass-transfer rates. Problems in the operation of packed beds include obstruction by uncontrolled cell growth, compression of the particles leading to excessive pressure drops (Venkatasubramanian et al 1983a, b), and inadvertent formation of gas bubbles (Margaritis and Rowe 1983). For these reasons, simple packed beds are applicable primarily when nonviable cells are used.…”

Section: Stationary Particle or Surface Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Microbial Cells in Food Fermentation Processes

Kosseva

2010

Food Bioprocess Technol

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The purpose of this review is to emphasize existing trends and recent advances in the application of immobilized cell technology so as to implement some innovations in food industry associated with processing, preservation, and storage of the products based on the food safety issues. Attention is focused on the engineering aspects of the immobilized cell techniques with emphasis on the mass-balance-based mathematical modeling of the system. Some aspects of models for safety, quality, and competitiveness of the food processing sector are also presented. Ultimately, development of products with novel properties within the alcoholic beverages, meat processing/ preservation, manufacture of cheese and bread, sweeteners and pigments, as well as nutraceuticals is also addressed. Nomenclature a Specific area of the gel particles (m −1 ) A Area of the particles (m 2 ) Bi Biot number Bi=(K L ×L)/D C Molar concentration (kmolm −3 ) D Diffusivity (m 2 s −1 ) G Mass concentration of immobilized biocatalyst (kgm −3 ) G p Dimensionless inhibition parameter, G p =gh 2 /D s k Rate constant of reaction (kmol −2 m 6 s −1 ) K L Mass-transfer coefficient (ms −1 ) K P Inhibition constant (kmol m 3 ) K S Constant in Monod equation (kmol m 3 ) l Size of gel particle (m) L Dimensionless number, L=l×a R d Ratio of product to substrate diffusivities, R d =D p /D s t Time (s) T Dimensionless time, T=D s t/l 2 V Volume of broth (m 3 ) x Spatial coordinate (m) X Biomass concentration (kgm −3 ) in stationery phaseGreek symbols β Productivity constant (h −1 ) γ Inhibition constant (h −1 ) ηDegree of substrate to product conversion, η= C p∞ (C s∞ +C p∞ ) μSpecific growth rate of bacteria (s −1 ) Ф 2 Thiele modulus, Ф 2 =kl 2 [C p∞ 0 +C s∞ 0 ] 2 /D s Subscripts P Related to the product S Related to the substrate to related to a quantity for the bulk liquid phase max Denotes the maximum specific growth rate Superscript 0 Denotes an initial value

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“…In order to be able to execute the optimal design of a series of bioreactors, the following assumptions are made: i) the concentration of immobilised biomass is equal and constant in all bioreactors along the series, ii) no difision limitation takes place, iii) all growth of the immobilised biomass will lead to an increase in suspended biomass, and iv) maintenance of the immobilised cells is neglected. Assumptions ii) and iii) were also used by Venkatasubramanian (1983). Assumption iv) is in fact a prerequisite to be able to do the optimal design, since the overall stoichiometry of the reaction has to be constant (De Gooijer et al, 1996) and all well-accepted mathematical expressions for maintenance change the overall reaction stoichiometry (Herbert 1959, Pirt 1965, Beeftink et al 1990.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the latter, the only papers that can be found discuss the optimum design of a series of bioreactors with suspended cells (Schugerl 1982, Hill & Robinson 1989. For immobilised cells, only a strategy to design one single CSTR containing immobilised growing cells is described (Venkatasubramanian et al 1983) whereby mass transport limitations were assumed to be negligible. In the present paper, using the same assumption, a straightfonvard approach for the optimal design of series of CSTRs containing immobilised growing cells will be presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%