Chemical equilibria of complexes in urine. A contribution to the physicochemistry of infectious urinary stone formation

Prywer, Jolanta; Mielniczek‐Brzóska, Ewa

doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2016.06.009

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It means that at pH >7.21 the concentration of HPO 4 2− ions should be higher than that of PO 4 3− ones. This is in agreement with the results presented in [17]. Here, it is shown (Figure 4 in Ref.…”

Section: Raman Analysissupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Here, it is shown (Figure 4 in Ref. [17]) that the concentration of HPO 4 Figure 6b presents the Raman spectra of the samples obtained from artificial urine of non-modified composition. The pH was increased by successive addition of aqueous ammonia solution (the series without the presence of bacteria).…”

Section: Raman Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ways of calculating the molar or percentage concentrations of various complexes in modified and non-modified artificial urine with the use of this computer software has already been presented in detail in earlier papers [16,17]. The starting point when using the HySS software is an introduction of the initial molar concentrations of all the components of urine (Table 1) [16,17] and the values of stability constants of the complexes forming in urine [16,17].…”

Section: Chemical Speciation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The starting point when using the HySS software is an introduction of the initial molar concentrations of all the components of urine (Table 1) [16,17] and the values of stability constants of the complexes forming in urine [16,17]. The EQUIL program makes it possible to calculate stability constants for most complexes at a temperature of 37 • C while the values of -logβ stability constants of the complexes which are taken into account in the analysis have been already published [16,17]. However, in this study, apart from the aforementioned complexes [16,17] an additional assumption is made that hydroxylapatite complexes are formed in urine and their stability constant is −logβ = 38.97 [30].…”

Section: Chemical Speciation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EQUIL program makes it possible to calculate stability constants for most complexes at a temperature of 37 • C while the values of -logβ stability constants of the complexes which are taken into account in the analysis have been already published [16,17]. However, in this study, apart from the aforementioned complexes [16,17] an additional assumption is made that hydroxylapatite complexes are formed in urine and their stability constant is −logβ = 38.97 [30]. Such an approach permits determination of the molar and percentage concentrations of carbonate apatite and hydroxylapatite complexes, and also the range of pH in which they are formed.…”

Section: Chemical Speciation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid Phases Precipitating in Artificial Urine in the Absence and Presence of Bacteria Proteus mirabilis—A Contribution to the Understanding of Infectious Urinary Stone Formation

et al. 2018

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Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, called struvite, is the dominant component of infectious urinary stones. In addition to struvite, infectious urinary stones include solid phases with poor crystallinity as well as amorphous matter. This article is devoted to the analysis of these solid phases, because they have not been characterized well until now. The solid phases tested were obtained from artificial urine in the absence and presence of Proteus mirabilis. The solid phases were characterized by different techniques (X-ray Diffraction, Energy Dispersive X-ray, Scanning Electron Microscopy, as well as Raman and Infrared Spectroscopies). According to the results these phases are carbonate apatite (CA), hydroxylapatite (HAP), amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and/or amorphous carbonated calcium phosphate (ACCP). Carbonate apatite and hydroxylapatite may occur in non-stoichiometric forms, i.e., various anions can be substituted for CO 3 2− , OH − , and PO 4 3− groups in them. The non-stoichiometry of carbonate apatite and hydroxylapatite also implies a deficiency of calcium ions, i.e., calcium ions may be partially replaced by other cations. Experimental techniques and chemical speciation analysis demonstrate that the presence of magnesium influences the formation of CA and HAP.

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Section: Raman Analysissupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Raman Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%