Chemical information transfer between plants:

Dicke, Marcel; Bruin, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0305-1978(01)00045-x

Cited by 141 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Interplant (intraspecific) signaling requires volatile signals as described for the information transfer between herbivore-infested and noninfested plants (Dicke and Bruin, 2001;Kost and Heil, 2006) or pathogen-infected and uninfected plants (Shulaev et al, 1997). Signals such as the green leaf volatiles (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and (E)-2-hexenal, the monoterpenoid (E)-b-ocimene, the fatty acid derivatives (Z)-jasmone and methyl jasmonate, or the benzenoid methyl salicylate are assumed to prime or even trigger the defense system in leaves of noninfested receiver plants (Shulaev et al, 1997;Farmer, 2001;Engelberth et al, 2004;Baldwin et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Green Leaf Herbivory by Manduca sexta on Floral Volatile Emission by Nicotiana suaveolens

2008

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Plants have to cope with various abiotic and biotic impacts as a consequence of changing environments, which can impair their ability to sexually reproduce. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether green leaf herbivory, having one of the most hazardous biotic impacts, would have any direct effect on the production and emission of floral volatiles because volatiles are known to play a crucial role in pollination. Nicotiana suaveolens plants were challenged with Manduca sexta feeding on leaves, and alterations in the quality and quantity of the floral blend, shifts in emission patterns, and changes in expression patterns of the floral benzoic/salicylic acid carboxyl-methyltransferase were monitored in noninfested and infested plants. Leaves responded to larval feeding by herbivory-induced diurnal emission of semiochemicals, whereas the emission of floral volatiles remained unchanged in comparison to the noninfested control. Neither the volatile composition nor the quantity of components or the nocturnal emission patterns was altered. The mRNA and protein levels of the benzoic/salicylic acid carboxylmethyltransferase, as well as its enzyme activity, also did not show any significant differences. These results indicate that metabolism in flowers at and postanthesis is an autonomous process and is independent of metabolic changes in green leaves. By this sustaining mechanism, N. suaveolens plants ensure sexual reproduction even under unfavorable conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Green Leaf Herbivory by Manduca sexta on Floral Volatile Emission by Nicotiana suaveolens

2008

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“…However, BVOCs are important as reactive atmospheric trace gases, and BVOC oxidation products contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation and may even be involved in new particle formation (see e.g., Fuentes et al, 2000; Jimenez et al, 2009; Riipinen et al, 2012). In addition to their role in atmospheric chemistry, BVOCs also play an important part in many biological interactions (Lehninh et al, 1999; Dicke and Bruin, 2001). In the soil atmosphere, BVOCs serve as a carbon source for some microorganisms, but they also have adverse effects on biogeochemical cycles (White, 1994; Smolander et al, 2006) and influence microbial activity, which can have important implications for ecosystem processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Off-season biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from heath mesocosms: responses to vegetation cutting

et al. 2013

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Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) affect both atmospheric processes and ecological interactions. Our primary aim was to differentiate between BVOC emissions from above- and belowground plant parts and heath soil outside the growing season. The second aim was to assess emissions from herbivory, mimicked by cutting the plants. Mesocosms from a temperate Deschampsia flexuosa-dominated heath ecosystem and a subarctic mixed heath ecosystem were either left intact, the aboveground vegetation was cut, or all plant parts (including roots) were removed. For 3–5 weeks, BVOC emissions were measured in growth chambers by an enclosure method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. CO2 exchange, soil microbial biomass, and soil carbon and nitrogen concentrations were also analyzed. Vegetation cutting increased BVOC emissions by more than 20-fold, and the induced compounds were mainly eight-carbon compounds and sesquiterpenes. In the Deschampsia heath, the overall low BVOC emissions originated mainly from soil. In the mixed heath, root, and soil emissions were negligible. Net BVOC emissions from roots and soil of these well-drained heaths do not significantly contribute to ecosystem emissions, at least outside the growing season. If insect outbreaks become more frequent with climate change, ecosystem BVOC emissions will periodically increase due to herbivory.

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“…However, volatiles carry information on the attack of the plant and thus can also be used by herbivores to localize their host plants (13)(14)(15), and they may be used by neighboring, yet-undamaged plants to adjust their defensive phenotype accordingly. Since Baldwin & Schultz in 1983 for the first time reported ''plant-plant communication' ' (16), it has been controversially debated whether this phenomenon plays a role in nature (17)(18)(19). Studies reporting changes in the expression of defense-related genes (20)(21)(22), increased production rates of JA and of defensive compounds (16,23,24), or increased net defense (19,25) in volatile-exposed plants were conducted in general under laboratory conditions, used artificially accelerated volatile concentrations, or damaged plants mechanically instead of using natural herbivores, thereby strongly compromising the direct applicability of the reported results to the natural field (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

Within-plant signaling by volatiles leads to induction and priming of an indirect plant defense in nature

Heil

Bueno

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

610

524

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Plants respond to herbivore attack with the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can attract predatory arthropods and/or repel herbivores and thus serve as a means of defense against herbivores. Such VOCs might also be perceived by neighboring plants to adjust their defensive phenotype according to the present risk of attack. We exposed lima bean plants at their natural growing site to volatiles of beetle-damaged conspecific shoots. This reduced herbivore damage and increased the growth rate of the exposed plants. To investigate whether VOCs also can serve in signaling processes within the same individual plant we focused on undamaged ''receiver'' leaves that were either exposed or not exposed to VOCs released by induced ''emitter'' leaves. Extrafloral nectar secretion by receiver leaves increased when they were exposed to VOCs of induced emitters of neighboring plants or of the same shoot, yet not when VOCs were removed from the system. Extrafloral nectar attracts predatory arthropods and represents an induced defense mechanism. The volatiles also primed extrafloral nectar secretion to show an augmented response to subsequent damage. Herbivore-induced VOCs elicit a defensive response in undamaged plants (or parts of plants) under natural conditions, and they function as external signal for within-plant communication, thus serving also a physiological role in the systemic response of a plant to local damage.ant-plant interaction ͉ extrafloral nectar ͉ indirect defense ͉ lima bean ͉ plant-plant communication

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Chemical information transfer between plants:

Cited by 141 publications

References 54 publications

Influence of Green Leaf Herbivory by Manduca sexta on Floral Volatile Emission by Nicotiana suaveolens

Influence of Green Leaf Herbivory by Manduca sexta on Floral Volatile Emission by Nicotiana suaveolens

Off-season biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from heath mesocosms: responses to vegetation cutting

Within-plant signaling by volatiles leads to induction and priming of an indirect plant defense in nature

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