Chemical kinetics modeling and process parameter sensitivity for precipitated calcium carbonate production from steelmaking slags

Mattila, Hannu-Petteri; Grigaliunaite, I.; Zevenhoven, Ron

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.068

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this context, CaO represents all water-soluble Ca regardless of the actual crystal form in which it is bound. As discussed in earlier studies, [12,13] the crystal forms from which Ca is most easily extracted are free calcium oxide or hydroxide (CaO/Ca(OH) 2 ) and dicalcium silicate (Ca 2 SiO 4 ). The crystalline compounds identified by XRD analysis are listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Process Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] In this paper, a mineral carbonation method suitable specifically for steelmaking industries is discussed. The concept, also known as slag2PCC, that uses steel converter slag as a raw material to produce precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) to be used as, for example, paper filler, is under development from the level of theoretical process modeling [12] and batch experiments [10,13,14] towards a demonstration-scale continuous process. The most important features of the process concept are the direct use of purified flue gases, that is, the redundancy of a separate capture stage, as well as the possibility to operate the system at ambient temperature and pressure, which thus reduces the energy demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the experimental validation of the most suitable values for process variables, such as residence times of the reactor steps, is ongoing based on earlier modeling work. [12] Most importantly, our research efforts concentrate on ensuring process operability in such a way that a specified PCC particle size, crystal morphology, and purity are obtained on a continuous basis by using a subpilotscale setup, which is also discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, too low solvent concentrations result in slow kinetics, [12] again not beneficial for the overall process. The stoichiometric limit in Figure 7 is calculated for a slag that contains 45 % CaO, of which 50 % is in a reactive form.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Continuous Process Setup for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production from Steel Converter Slag

Mattila

Zevenhoven

2014

ChemSusChem

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A mineral carbonation process "slag2PCC" for carbon capture, utilization, and storage is discussed. Ca is extracted from steel slag by an ammonium salt solvent and carbonated with gaseous CO2 after the separation of the residual slag. The solvent is reused after regeneration. The effects of slag properties such as the content of free lime, fractions of Ca, Si, Fe, and V, particle size, and slag storage on the Ca extraction efficiency are studied. Small particles with a high free-lime content and minor fractions of Si and V are the most suitable. To limit the amount of impurities in the process, the slag-to-liquid ratio should remain below a certain value, which depends on the slag composition. Also, the design of a continuous test setup (total volume ∼75 L) is described, which enables quick process variations needed to adapt the system to the varying slag quality. Different precipitated calcium carbonate crystals (calcite and vaterite) are generated in different parts of the setup.

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Section: Process Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Continuous Process Setup for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production from Steel Converter Slag

Mattila

Zevenhoven

2014

ChemSusChem

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“…In the conventional PCC production process, PCC is precipitated in water and requires no further purification. Although no detailed product quality assessment has yet been performed on the calcium carbonate produced by the studied concept, the analyses performed so far indicate that the chloride can be removed by washing and does not end up in the product (Mattila et al, 2012). According to the best knowledge of the authors, the only published data on filtration and washing performance is that of Hudd (2014), who performed washing experiments of PCC (commercial rhombohedral calcite) and ammonia chloride mixtures using both a vacuum filter and pressure filter.…”

Section: Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

et al. 2016

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In this work, experiments were performed to determine the filterability of calcium carbonate produced with an alternative calcium carbonate production concept. The concept uses steelmaking slag as raw material and has potential to fix CO2 emissions and utilize steelmaking slag, simultaneously. As calcium carbonate is precipitated in a solution containing ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, and ammonia, the product needs to be washed and hence filtered. In this work, different separation processes, including washing, filtering, and drying, were tested on two calcium carbonate slurries produced from steel converter slag and CO2 by a laboratory-scale pilot facility, with the aim of obtaining a solid product with a low chloride content using a minimum amount of washing water. The order of maximum filtration rates achievable of the calcium carbonate slurries was determined by experimental work. The tests included pressure filtration and vacuum filtration and the test series contained altogether 21 different filtration cycles with varying combinations of filtering, washing, and drying steps. The filtered cakes were analyzed by their residual moisture content, chloride content, and conductivity, and the filtrates by their residual solids content, chloride content, and conductivity. Pressure filtration gave a high capacity (400-460 kg/m 2 h) and a low cake residual moisture content (12-14 wt-%). Vacuum filtration gave slightly higher filtration rates (500-610 kg/m 2 h at the lowest residual chloride contents of the cakes), but the cake residual moisture also stayed higher (25-26 wt-%). As the vacuum filtration tests used a filter cloth with higher permeability than that of the pressure filtration tests, a slightly higher filtration rate was expected. However, both filtration technologies seem suitable for filtering and washing calcium carbonate prepared with the studied method as a residual chloride content as low as 10 ppm of the filtered solids can be achieved with quite a small amount of washing water and the filtration rate is fast.

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Recycling of iron and steel slag for carbon reduction and low‐environment load application

Xu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Carbon Neutralization

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The high‐value utilization of blast furnace slag (BFS) and steel slag (SS) as a valuable resource in the field of carbon reduction represents a green revolution, and also is an indispensable path toward breaking through resource and environmental constraints and achieving high‐quality, sustainable development through solid waste utilization in the steel industry. Achieving resource recycling while harnessing the untapped latent energy of resources and exploring their carbon sequestration capabilities has become a crucial avenue for further valorization through waste utilization. BFS and SS discharged from iron‐making or steel‐making furnaces carry a significant amount of latent heat, especially the calcium oxide component in SS, which gives it a unique advantage in the field of comprehensive BFS and SS utilization and carbonation‐based SS utilization. This article discusses the current research status of low‐carbon‐waste‐heat utilization in the production of microcrystalline glass, cementitious materials, functional adsorbents, and other products through front‐end modification of molten BFS and SS. This report also provides an overview of carbon capture by utilizing BFS and SS, offering insights into the research directions for subsequent heat recovery, online quality adjustment, high‐value utilization, and carbon sequestration using BFS and SS in the steel industry.

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Chemical kinetics modeling and process parameter sensitivity for precipitated calcium carbonate production from steelmaking slags

Cited by 69 publications

References 17 publications

Design of a Continuous Process Setup for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production from Steel Converter Slag

Design of a Continuous Process Setup for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Production from Steel Converter Slag

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

Recycling of iron and steel slag for carbon reduction and low‐environment load application

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