Chemical kinetics of calcium hypochlorite decomposition in aqueous solutions

Su, Yee San; Morrison, Delmar “Trey”; Ogle, Russell A.

doi:10.1016/j.jchas.2008.07.002

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The results seem unexpected as strong acidic conditions are not beneficial to the absorption of NO . Whereas, according to the research of Su , this phenomenon could be explained as: acid catalyzed decomposition pathway for Ca(ClO) 2 was observed at a substantially lower pH lever. It means that acidic condition was conducive to the decomposition of Ca(ClO) 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The highest removal efficiency of NO x achieved at 60°C. The temperature dependence of reaction rate constant was assumed to follow the Arrhenius Model . According to the Arrhenius expression of the reaction rate constant, the increasing temperature could improve the reaction rate and enhance the mass transfer of NO x from gas to the absorbent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution

Zhou

Fan

et al. 2015

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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To study the simultaneous removal of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) from simulated flue gas by wet method, a bubbling device containing calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2) solution was used in the experiments. In the first place, thermodynamic analysis was conducted to determine the depth of reaction process, and the reaction mechanism of desulfurization and denitration was proposed. After that, experimental results exhibited that SO2 could be removed by Ca(ClO)2 solution completely while the removal efficiency of NOx was 41.2%. Moreover, on the basis of high SO2 removal efficiency, the effects of various factors on the removal efficiency of NOx, such as: the height of liquid layer, Ca(ClO)2 concentration, reaction temperature, initial pH value, O2 percent, SO2 concentration, and additives were investigated, respectively. Finally, simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx under the optimized conditions were investigated, SO2 removal efficiency of 100% and NOx removal efficiency of 85.9% were achieved. The analysis of reaction products indicated that the main anions in the liquid phase were SO42‐ and NO3−. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1586–1595, 2015

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution

Zhou

Fan

et al. 2015

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The relative instability of sodium hypochlorite solution and contamination with chlorate and perchlorate have been well characterized. 15,45−47 Although less well characterized in the literature, commercial calcium hypochlorite also contains chlorate residue, 14,48 sometimes at appreciable (percentage) levels 49 which may form at appreciable rates 50 in solution. Unlike sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite is usually handled as a dry reagent until dissolution in water for use.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroxyanion Residue on Seeds and Sprouts after Chlorine Dioxide Sanitation of Alfalfa Seed

Smith

Herges

2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The effects of a 6-h chlorine dioxide sanitation of alfalfa seed (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg seed) on total coliform bacteria, seed germination, and the presence of chlorate and perchlorate residues in seed rinse, seed soak, and alfalfa sprouts was determined. Chlorate residues in 20,000 mg/L calcium hypochlorite, commonly used to disinfect seed, were quantified. Chlorine dioxide treatment reduced (P < 0.05) total coliforms on seeds with no effect (P > 0.05) on germination. Dose-dependent sodium chlorate residues were present in seed rinse (4.1 to 31.2 μg/g seed) and soak (0.7 to 8.3 μg/g seed) waters, whereas chlorate residues were absent (LOQ 5 ng/g) in sprouts, except for 2 of 5 replicates from the high chlorine dioxide treatment. Copious chlorate residues were present (168 to 1260 mg/L) in freshly prepared 20,000 mg/L calcium hypochlorite solution, and storage at room temperature increased chlorate residues significantly (P < 0.01).

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“…This substance was introduced for favoring organic matter degradation at the same proportion of NaOCl and for being more stable [12]. The Ca(ClO) 2 is an alkaline solution with higher chloride content available than NaOCl [11], produced by the dissolution of chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) in a solution of calcium oxide (CaO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which when diluted in water turns into hypochlorous acid [10,19]. Its antimicrobial activity may be justified by the high amount of chloride available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite and grape seed extract against Enterococcus faecalis

Soligo

Cecchin

Souza

et al. 2018

Rev. Odonto Ciênc. (Online)

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial action of calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl) 2 ] at concentrations of 2.5% and 6%, and of grape seed extract (GSE) at concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50%, against Enterococcus faecalis, comparing it to the action of 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). METHODS: Saline solution was used as negative control. The inhibition halos of microbial growth were verified by the agar disk diffusion method. Twelve Petri plates were used for seeding with culture medium of approximately 5 mm in thickness. In each plate, 5 disks of pure and sterile antibiogram, soaked in the substances to be tested, were used and taken to the plate containing the seeded bacterial strain. The plates remained in aerobic bacteriological incubator for 24 h at 37°C temperature. After 24 h, the inhibition halos were measured with a digital caliper. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis followed by Tukey's complementary test, at 5% significance. RESULTS: The 6% Ca(ClO) 2 presented inhibition halo statistically higher than the other solutions (p<0.05), followed by 2.5% Ca(ClO) 2 , which was statistically similar to 6% NaOCl (p>0.05). The GSE concentrations resulted in lower inhibition halos of active substances and the different concentrations were similar to each other. Lastly, saline solution presented the same inhibition halos in all groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that 6% Ca(OCl) 2 presented higher antimicrobial activity than 6% NaOCl. On the other hand, all GSE concentrations were lower than NaOCl and Ca(OCl) 2 .

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Chemical kinetics of calcium hypochlorite decomposition in aqueous solutions

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution

Chloroxyanion Residue on Seeds and Sprouts after Chlorine Dioxide Sanitation of Alfalfa Seed

Assessment of antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite and grape seed extract against Enterococcus faecalis

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Chemical kinetics of calcium hypochlorite decomposition in aqueous solutions

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)2 solution

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)2 solution

Chloroxyanion Residue on Seeds and Sprouts after Chlorine Dioxide Sanitation of Alfalfa Seed

Assessment of antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite and grape seed extract against Enterococcus faecalis

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Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution

Wet removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from simulated flue gas by ca(ClO)₂ solution