Chemical Modification of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber by Methacrylate Silane: Effects on Morphology, Mechanical, and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Eng, Chern Chiet; Ibrahim, Nor Azowa; Zainuddin, Norhazlin; Ariffin, Hidayah; Yunus, Wan Md Zin Wan

doi:10.15376/biores.11.1.861-872

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In our previous studies, the effect of incorporation of silane treated OPMF on tensile properties of hybrid composite was investigated [ 22 ]. Tensile properties of unmodified and silane treated OPMF in PLA/PCL/nanoclay/OPMF hybrid composites are shown in Table 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Eng

Ibrahim

Zainuddin

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Natural fiber as reinforcement filler in polymer composites is an attractive approach due to being fully biodegradable and cheap. However, incompatibility between hydrophilic natural fiber and hydrophobic polymer matrix restricts the application. The current studies focus on the effects of incorporation of silane treated OPMF into polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/nanoclay/OPMF hybrid composites. The composites were prepared by melt blending technique and characterize the composites with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra indicated that peak shifting occurs when silane treated OPMF was incorporated into hybrid composites. Based on mechanical properties results, incorporation of silane treated OPMF enhances the mechanical properties of unmodified OPMF hybrid composites with the enhancement of flexural and impact strength being 17.60% and 48.43%, respectively, at 10% fiber loading. TGA thermogram shows that incorporation of silane treated OPMF did not show increment in thermal properties of hybrid composites. SEM micrographs revealed that silane treated OPMF hybrid composites show good fiber/matrix adhesion as fiber is still embedded in the matrix and no cavity is present on the surface. Water absorption test shows that addition of less hydrophilic silane treated OPMF successfully reduces the water uptake of hybrid composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEM micrograph revealed that surface of silane treated OPMF are rough and porous while the surface of unmodified OPMF is smooth and sleek. We also reported that incorporation of silane treated OPMF in hybrid composites shows better tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break than unmodified OPMF hybrid composites [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Eng

Ibrahim

Zainuddin

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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“…On top of that, they introduced silane treatment to the PALF with phenolic to improve the fiber surface roughness and discovered that its glass transition temperature increased [93]. This is supported by Eng et al [94], who found that adding silane-treated fibers to composites leads to improvements in the fiber/matrix interaction. This is because strong bonding is required for the activation of the fiber constraint during the stress transfer mechanism at the interface; weak bonding leads to energy dissipation at the interface, and the impact of shifting is dependent on the fiber/matrix bond strength.…”

Section: Thermal Degradation Stability Performance Of Natural Fiber-reinforced Thermosetting Compositesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Thermogravimetric Analysis Properties of Cellulosic Natural Fiber Polymer Composites: A Review on Influence of Chemical Treatments

et al. 2021

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Natural fiber such as bamboo fiber, oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber, kenaf fiber, and sugar palm fiber-reinforced polymer composites are being increasingly developed for lightweight structures with high specific strength in the automotive, marine, aerospace, and construction industries with significant economic benefits, sustainability, and environmental benefits. The plant-based natural fibers are hydrophilic, which is incompatible with hydrophobic polymer matrices. This leads to a reduction of their interfacial bonding and to the poor thermal stability performance of the resulting fiber-reinforced polymer composite. Based on the literature, the effect of chemical treatment of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites had significantly influenced the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) together with the thermal stability performance of the composite structure. In this review, the effect of chemical treatments used on cellulose natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer composites has been reviewed. From the present review, the TGA data are useful as guidance in determining the purity and composition of the composites’ structures, drying, and the ignition temperatures of materials. Knowing the stability temperatures of compounds based on their weight, changes in the temperature dependence is another factor to consider regarding the effectiveness of chemical treatments for the purpose of synergizing the chemical bonding between the natural fiber with polymer matrix or with the synthetic fibers.

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“…The improvement of tensile, flexural and impact strengths achieved about 54%, 14%, and 25% respectively compared to untreated MF fiber of composite (Table 3). Then, the surface of oil palm MF fiber was modified by methacrylate silane for improving fiber-matrix interface bonding in hybrid composite [37]. Its hybrid composite is composed to clay, MF fiber, polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL).…”

Section: Oil Palm Mesocarp Fruit (Mf) Fiber Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of oil palm fruit fiber reinforced composites

Bakri

Naharuddin

Mustafa

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Oil palm fibers have been developed as reinforcement in the composite. These fibers can be produced from fruit, trunk, and frond of oil palm. In this review, the oil palm fruit fiber for reinforcing composite was focused. Oil palm fruit fibers consist of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and mesocarp fruit (MF) fibers. The chemical composition and characteristics of oil palm fruit fiber are described. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the composite are reported to be related to the surface treatment of EFB and MF fibers. Applications of such fiber composite are included in this review. From some researches, the surface treatment methods for MF and EFB fibers as reinforcement composite was conducted with using alkali, silane, acryilic acid, acetic anhydride, hydogen peroxide, microwave, and superheated steam. The effect of these surface treatments on oil palm EFB and MF fibers displayed the improvement of the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact strengths) of the composite due to enhance the interface adhesion between fiber and matrix after treatment of fibers.

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Chemical Modification of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber by Methacrylate Silane: Effects on Morphology, Mechanical, and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

Thermogravimetric Analysis Properties of Cellulosic Natural Fiber Polymer Composites: A Review on Influence of Chemical Treatments

A review of oil palm fruit fiber reinforced composites

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