Chemical Mutagenesis and Cytogenetic Chromosomal Abnormalities in a Population Living in the Aral Sea region

Abstract

AIM: The article presents the results of a study of chromosomal mutations in residents living in the Aral Sea disaster zone, using the example of the city of Aralsk.
 METHODS: The article identifies the level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in the surveyed population and identifies the leading type of aberrations in this region.
 RESULTS: Researches have shown that the main types of structural changes were chromatid breaks and single fragments of chromosomes. The results showed that in the study population, the microelement status indicates an imbalance of microelements. A correlation analysis showed a relationship between the nickel content in the blood and the increase in CAs. Furthermore, researches show a hypothesis about the pathogenesis mechanism of the formation of CAs.
 CONCLUSION: Thus, the article provides information on chromosomal mutations during chemical mutagenesis.

A retrospective analysis of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocyte cultures of individuals from Bosnia and Herzegovina

“…Previously, an increased CA frequency among females in B&H was reported (Nefić and Mušanović, 2014;Mačkić-Đurović et al, 2017), and the values were also higher compared to the background level of CA in the population of Croatia (Rozgaj and 2008). Generally, the level of chromosome aberrations may differ between the countries and this could be attributed to lifestyle differences, geographical location, weather conditions, and pollution levels across Europe that could affect the frequencies of such parameters (Sierra-Torres et al, 2004;Sabirov et al, 2020;Musilova et al, 2023). On the contrary, certain lifestyle factors have beneficial effects in maintaining genomic integrity (Fenech et al, 2023;Santovito et al, 2023).…”

The Establishment of the Cause-Effect Relationship of the Formation of Somatic Diseases in the Population of Pre-Aral under the Influence of Ecological Factors

“…It can be the change in the structure of morbidity, prolonged and chronic course of diseases in all age groups, the course of diseases in atypical forms and manifestations, the increase in morbidity and inhibition of immunological reactivity of the organism, the growth of oncological morbidity, the chronization of pathologies of all organs, and systems [6]. Moreover, Sabirov et al demonstrated the effect of chemical pollution to the chromosomal mutagenesis in the region of the Aral Sea [8]. Also, a correlation is found that people from the pre-Aral region have the highest frequency of digestive system diseases in Kazakhstan due to high level of pollutant in the water [9].…”