Chemical Nature of Biofilm Matrix and Its Significance

Khan, Mohd Sajjad Ahmad; Altaf, Mohammad; Ahmad, Iqbal

doi:10.1002/9781119246329.ch9

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Relationship between the formation of biofilms and twitching motility is consistent with studies of other authors who found that the retractable movement of type IV pili, acts as cross-linking structures, allowing the bacteria to spread over the surface and form biofilms (Fong and Yildiz, 2015). In addition, it has been observed that mutants with poor synthesis of these type IV pili proteins cannot form biofilms (Khan et al, 2017;Elhenawy et al, 2015). Furthermore, Ca 2þ supplementation, as occurs in the TY medium, has been shown to promote the formation of biofilms in different bacterial genera (Das et al, 2014;Cruz et al, 2012;Rinaudi et al, 2006), among them Enterobacter cloacae (Zhou et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Chemical signalling between plant roots and other soil organisms, including the roots of neighboring plants, is often based on chemical substances derived from the roots. A variety of compounds present in root exudates, attract a wide range of microbial populations to survive on and within their tissues, including the aerial parts, the vascular network and the radical tissues located beneath the soil (Khan et al, 2017). Plant exudates are released at specific sites, and many bacteria prefer to mobilize and colonize different positions on the plant surface with optimal nutrient availability Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motility and biofilm production involved in the interaction of phosphate solubilizing endophytic strains with peanut, maize and soybean plants

et al. 2020

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Endophytic plant growth promoting bacteria are of great interest since the ability to colonize the internal tissues of plants gives it an adaptive advantage. To confer any beneficial effect on the plant, bacteria must present a successful colonization and thus be competent in the rhizosphere and finally infect internal tissues. In this sense, bacterial motility is an essential property involved in plant-microorganism interaction where bacteria can colonize the root and at the same time form biofilms. Within plant beneficial bacteria those that present phosphate solubilizing activity are of great interest due to the contribution of phosphorus to plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the motility and biofilm formation properties of the strains Serratia sp. S119 and Enterobacter sp. J49 growing in the presence of peanut, maize and soybean root exudates. Results obtained indicated that both strains have flagella, possess swimming, swarming and twitching motilities and showed differential chemotactic attraction against root exudates. In addition, the strains under study showed the ability to form biofilms, being this ability greater in minimal media, in which a greater decrease was also seen by the addition of root exudates in the first hours of growth. The changes produced by the addition of root exudates in the chemotaxis and biofilm formation of the strains suggests that compounds released by the plants are detected by these bacteria and could be part of the molecular dialogue involved in their interaction with the roots of plant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motility and biofilm production involved in the interaction of phosphate solubilizing endophytic strains with peanut, maize and soybean plants

et al. 2020

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“…Microbial cells can sense the extracellular environment and cause the cellular response's triggering in favor of biofilm formation (Koo and Yamada 2016). Biofilm matrices act as both physical and chemical barriers (Khan et al 2017) that could prevent antimicrobials from reaching their targets in microbes, thus preventing the control of pathogens and increasing resistance among microorganisms implicated in biofilm formation or infections. Besides the barrier to penetration, the depletion of nutrient sources and triggering of stress response and development of biofilm resistant phenotypes in microorganism have been proved as mechanisms that aid antibiotic resistance of pathogens (Mah and O'Toole 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Production Potential of Salmonella Serovars Isolated from Chickens in North West Province, South Africa

Akinola

Tshipamba

Mwanza

et al. 2020

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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Bacterial biofilms have recently gained considerable interest in the food production and medical industries due to their ability to resist destruction by disinfectants and other antimicrobials. Biofilms are extracellular polymer matrices that may enhance the survival of pathogens even when exposed to environmental stress. The effect of incubation temperatures (25°C, 37°C, and 40°C) and Salmonella serotype on biofilm-forming potentials was evaluated. Previously typed Salmonella serotypes (55) isolated from the gut of chickens were accessed for biofilms formation using a standard assay. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028TM and Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076TM (positive controls), Escherichia coli (internal control) and un-inoculated Luria Bertani (LB) broth (negative control) were used. The isolates formed no biofilm (11.86–13.56%), weak (11.86–45.76%), moderate (18.64–20.34%), strong biofilms (23.73–54.24%) across the various temperatures investigated. Serotypes, Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Weltevreden were the strongest biofilm formers at temperatures (25°C, 37°C, and 40°C, respectively). The potential of a large proportion (80%) of Salmonella serotypes to form biofilms increased with increasing incubation temperatures but decreased at 40°C. Findings indicate that average temperature favours biofilm formation by Salmonella serotypes. However, the influence of incubation temperature on biofilm formation was greater when compared to serotype. A positive correlation exists between Salmonella biofilm formed at 25°C, 37°C and 40°C (p ≥ 0.01). The ability of Salmonella species to form biofilms at 25°C and 37°C suggests that these serotypes may present severe challenges to food-processing and hospital facilities.

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“…EPS is actually composed of polysaccharide and varies in physical and chemical properties, and is neutral or polyanionic in Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Its size is between 0.2 to 1.0 nm (Kokare et al 2009;Nyenje et al 2012Nyenje et al , 2013, and its thickness ranges between 10 and 30 nm (Khan et al 2017). Microbial cells in biofilm are immobilized by EPS (Flemming et al 2016;Koo and Yamada 2016) which then retains the cells closely and leads the forming of synergistic micro consortia (Flemming and Wingender 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of optimum incubation time for formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes biofilms in microtiter plate

et al. 2019

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes are the most common pathogens to humans and are able to form a biofilm following ineffective precautionary approach. Biofilm is defined as a surface-attached community of bacterium embedded in an extracellular matrix which leads to tremendous problems in the environment, among humans and animals. This study aims to investigate the ability of P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes to form biofilms in 96-well plate before further study in antibiofilm will be done. Initially, the 96-well plate was added with 100 μl of overnight P. aeruginosa culture with optical density (OD) 0.1 and S. pyogenes culture with OD 0.05. The cultures were incubated for 7 days at 37°C to justify the formation of biofilm. Subsequently, stained blue biofilm was detached from the plate by using 95% ethanol. Biofilms were finally measured using a micro plate reader at 570 nm and were classified based on the adherence strength formula. P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes biofilms strongly adhered to the plates on days three, four, five and six. Interestingly on day three, biofilms showed the highest formation. However, moderate biofilm formation onto the plates by both P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes were observed on day two, but non-adherence was observed on days one and seven. Day three is the optimum cultivation period for P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes to switch into a strong biofilm in microtiter plate and could be beneficial for antibiofilm experiments.

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Chemical Nature of Biofilm Matrix and Its Significance

Cited by 18 publications

References 144 publications

Motility and biofilm production involved in the interaction of phosphate solubilizing endophytic strains with peanut, maize and soybean plants

Motility and biofilm production involved in the interaction of phosphate solubilizing endophytic strains with peanut, maize and soybean plants

Biofilm Production Potential of Salmonella Serovars Isolated from Chickens in North West Province, South Africa

Determination of optimum incubation time for formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes biofilms in microtiter plate

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