Chemical profiling, antimicrobial and insecticidal evaluations of Polygonum hydropiper L

Abstract

BackgroundThe emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is of great concern to the global health community. Our ability to effectively treat diseases is based on the discovery of potent drugs for the treatment of these challenging diseases. Traditional medicines are one of the major sources for the discovery of safe, effective and economical drug candidates. In order to validate its antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal potentials with respect to traditional uses, we have screened for the first time Polygonum hydropiper against pathogenic bacterial, fungal strains and a variety of insects.Methods Polygonum hydropiper samples including crude extract (Ph.Cr), subsequent fractions; n-hexane (Ph.Hex), chloroform (Ph.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ph.EtAc), n-Butanol (Ph.Bt), aqueous (Ph.Aq) and crude saponins (Ph.Sp) were tested against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Insecticidal activities were performed against Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica and Monomorium pharaonis. Ph.Cr was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for preliminary identification of chemical constituents.ResultsIn disc diffusion assay, Ph.Chf, Ph.Hex, Ph.EtAc and Ph.Sp exhibited highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis. MICs of Ph.Chf against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 32.00, 13.33, 10.66, 5.33, 64.00, 8.66 and 10.66 μg/ml respectively. MFC’s of Ph.Chf against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were 16.66, 23.33, 125.00 and 46.66 μg/ml respectively. Ph.EtAc, Ph.Sp, Ph.Chf and Ph.Bt were most active fractions against T. castaneum and R. dominica. Ph.Sp being most active against A. punctatum exhibited LC50 of < 0.01 mg/ml. In GC-MS analysis of Ph.Cr, 124 compounds were identified among which several bioactive antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal compounds were found.Conclusions P. hydropiper samples exhibited broad spectrum of activity against bacterial and fungal strains. Our results support previously reported insecticidal properties of saponins and may provide scientific justification for the ethno-medicinal uses of the plant.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1491-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activities of the Polygonum maritimum ethanol extract

“…This discrepancy could be attributed to the difference in the process of extraction [20]. On the other hand, the obtained antifungal effect is consistent with literature data showing that extracts of various Polygonum species, such as P. hydropiper, P. aviculare, P. punctatum and P. acuminatum produced fungicidal effects [5,[21][22][23][24]. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of gallic acid and catechin, being dominant in POM, was also shown [25].…”

GC-MS Analysis and Gastroprotective Evaluations of Crude Extracts, Isolated Saponins, and Essential Oil from Polygonum hydropiper L.

“…Anti-Proteus potentials of our samples were also investigated using previously reported well diffusion assay (Ayaz et al, 2016a ). Pre-sterilized agar plates were inoculated with the bacterial preparation and 6 mm wells were made equidistantly on the surface using sterile cork borer.…”

GC-MS analysis of Myrtus communis extract and its antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria

“…Plant extracts and plant-derived products are valuable sources that are widely used to treat a wide range of disease conditions caused by bacterial and fungal pathogens [1,2]. Myrtus communis L. (Arabic name: Aas or Hadas) is a typical evergreen leafy perennial sweet-smelling shrub or small tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae.…”