Chemical Sensors Based on Cyclodextrin Derivatives

Abstract

This review focuses on chemical sensors based on cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives. This has been a field of classical interest, and is now of current interest for numerous scientists. First, typical chemical sensors using chromophore appended CDs are mentioned. Various “turn-off” and “turn-on” fluorescent chemical sensors, in which fluorescence intensity was decreased or increased by complexation with guest molecules, respectively, were synthesized. Dye modified CDs and photoactive metal ion-ligand complex appended CDs, metallocyclodextrins, were also applied for chemical sensors. Furthermore, recent novel approaches to chemical sensing systems using supramolecular structures such as CD dimers, trimers and cooperative binding systems of CDs with the other macrocycle [2]rotaxane and supramolecular polymers consisting of CD units are mentioned. New chemical sensors using hybrids of CDs with π-conjugated polymers, peptides, DNA, nanocarbons and nanoparticles are also described in this review.

Carbon Nanotube Electrodes in Comparison to Coated Platinum Wire and Carbon Paste Selective Electrodes for the Determination of Tramadol Hydrochloride in Bulk, Pharmaceutical Formulations, and Spiked Human Plasma and Urine

“…(24) Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligomers and calixarenes (CXs) are groups of cyclic macromolecules, both of which can form inclusion complexes with organic molecules in their hydrophobic cavities, which are available in different sizes. (25)(26)(27) The chemical structures of the ionophores used in this study are shown in Fig. 1.…”

Characteristics of PEGylated Polydiacetylene Liposome and its Inclusion Complex Formation with α-Cyclodextrin

“…Owing to its structural properties, cyclodextrin continues to be one of the most studied host molecules, and has found application in various fields such as drug delivery 1,2 and stimulus sensing. 3 Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides consisting of six, seven, or eight glucose units joined by α-1,4-linkages, termed α, β, and γ-cyclodextrin, respectively. The molecules are identical in height but vary in diameter and volume based on unit number.…”

From Zeolite to Host-Guest Nanocomposite Materials

“…The cavity diameter of CDs is about 0.44 -0.83 nm ( -CD: 0.49 nm, -CD: 0.62 nm, -CD: 0.80 nm) [7,8]. Furthermore, recent novel approaches to chemical sensing systems using supramolecular structures such as CD dimers, trimers and cooperative binding systems of CDs with the other supramoleculars have been mentioned [9]. When a competitive guest is added to the aqueous solution of fluorophore-CD, the fluorophore is excluded from the inside to the outside of the CD cavity.…”