Chemical speciation of fine particle bound trace metals

Abstract

ABSTRACT:This study reported quantifications of fine particle bound trace metals and their potential health risks for residents in Guangzhou, a rapidly developing and most populated city in South China. The fine particle samples were collected from October 29 th. to November 8 th. of 2006 at two different elevations in a mainly residential area and analyzed for the total concentration of aluminum, iron, zinc, lead, manganese, copper, arsenic, chromium, nickel, cadmium, molybdenum and cobalt. Results showed that the fine particle concentrations ranged from 95.8 µg/m 3 to 194.7 µg/m 3 at the ground and 83.3-190.0 µg/m 3 on the roof, which were much higher than the 24 h fine particle standard (35 µg/m 3 ) recommended by USEPA. The total concentrations of zinc, lead, arsenic, chromium and cadmium in fine particle were 504.8, 201.6, 24.3, 7.7 and 4.4 ng/m 3 , respectively, which were comparable to other major cities of China, but much higher than major cities outside of China. A sequential extraction procedure was used to fractionate these fine particle bound metals into four different fractions. Results indicated that most toxic metals were mainly distributed in bioavailable fractions. For instance, about 91 % of cadmium, 85 % of lead and 74 % of arsenic were in bioavailable forms. Risk calculations with a simple exposure assessment model showed that the cancer risks of the bioavailable fractions of arsenic, chromium and cadmium were 3 to 33 times greater than usual goal, indicating serious health risks to the residents in this urban area.

Speciation and ecological risk of heavy metals and metalloid in the sediments of Zhalong Wetland in China

“…The reason was that the speciation of metals was influenced not only by its geochemistry characteristics but also by the human activities and the physical and chemical features of the sediments (Feng et al 2009;Wang et al 2012).…”

Arsenic in soil, vegetation and water of a contaminated region

“…It occurs in soil and minerals and it may enter air, water and land and uptake by plants (Mahzuz et al, 2009;Reza and Singh, 2010). Plants vary considerably in their tolerance of arsenic and in the amount of arsenic that they can take up from soils and water (Goyal et al, 2008;Feng et al, 2009;Malakootian et al, 2009;Urik et al, 2009). Arsenic is a naturally occurring element present in the both inorganic and organic forms in different environmental and biological samples and its concentrations may be increased by anthropogenic contamination (Villa-Lojo et al, 2002).…”

Analytical approaches for arsenic determination in air: A critical review

“…Similarly, Feng et al [95] found also that ca. 70% of the As was associated to the first and the second fractions for PM2.5 of Guangzhou (China).…”